Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие предложения с неопределенными местоимениями some, any, no и их производными

1. The diseases of the respiratory system depend in some way on its anatomy and functions. 2. The laws of disease are as definite and well-known as those of an^ other biological processrJTThe earliest symp­toms of bronchitis rirast be known to everyone. 4. Anybody may catch a respiratory disease at some time or other. 5. No student has been absent from the lecture today.

84 ^ Learning to Understand a Medical Text

Упражнение З. В следующих предложениях определите придаточные предложения: определительные, дополнительные и обстоятельственные. Переведите предложения.

1. Whilj oxygen is being taken into the blood, carbonic acid gas, or carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the lungs and is breathed out. 2. If you hold your breath, the carbon dioxide immediately begins to accumulate in the blood. 3. The tonsils can be removed in later life, provided the infection seems severe. 4. The right lung that is slightly larger of the two is divided into three lobes. 5. The teacher explains that the diaphragm contracts and descends with each inspiration. 6. tyTien the lungs are full, the diaphragm relaxes.

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения согласно образцу; обратите внимание на перевод местоимения it.

Образец: Water is liquid. Вода - жидкость.

It is necessary for life. Она необходима для жизни. It is necessary for health to drink distilled water. Для здоровья необходимо пить дистиллированную воду.

1. Medical students study anatomy. It is difficult for them. It is diffi­
cult for them to study it. 2. The amount of air which the body needs
varies from time to time. It is necessary for the body. It is necessary for
the body to regulate it. 3. Blood is a red fluid. It is easy to see it when it
escapes from a blood vessel. 4. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs.
It is dangerous for life. It is easy to diagnose it. 5. The larynx contains
the vocal cords. It is surrounded by pieces of cartilage for support. It is
possible to examine it with special instruments., '.-.

Упражнение 5. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите, в каких предложениях слово it не переводится.

1. It is possible to remove one lobe of the lung without any damage to the rest. 2. The upper part of the respiratory system conducts air and produces the voice; it consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi. 3. It is known that internal respiration is the exchange of gases. 4. Cold on the surface of the body can change the amount of blood in the nose or lungs when it is needed there. 5. It is by means of the organs of respiration that air is taken into the lungs and oxygen is given to the blood.

Lesson 5 ♦ 85

Упражнение 6. Прочтите следующие слова. Переведите их.

chest [tfest], abdomen ['aebdaman], mechanical [mi'kaenikal], chem­ical ['kemikal], diaphragm ['daidfraem], muscle ['iiiasI], behind [bi'hamd], Io bind [baind], liver ['liva], across [a'kros], to participate [pa:'tisipeit], iо situate ['sitjueit], substance ['sAbstdns], reservoir ['rezavwa:], palate I'paelit], to consume [kan'sjuim], diameter [dai'aemita]

Упражнение 7. Отработайте чтение следующих предложений:

The 'abdomen is the 'largest /cavity.... It is bounded a/bove..., it is separated by the 'great 'muscle of respi/ration.... 'Laterally and in /front | it is en/closed by the 'lower /ribs |... and be /hind, | it is en'closed by the spinal \ column.

Упражнение 7. Запомните значение суффикса -ic. Образуйте прилагатель­ные от следующих существительных.

-ic (-ical) образует от основ существительных относительные прилагательные, которые обозначают принадлежность или признак: pelvis — pelvic; physiology - physiological, physiologic.

history, chemistry, mechanism, toxicity, spleen <_a- _гу у

Упражнение 8. Прочтите и переведите следующие гнезда елок:

1. to bound, boundless, boundary; 2. to weigh, weight, weighing, weighed; 3. wide, to widen, width, widely; 4. long, length, to lengthen

Упражнение % Прочтите и переведите следгующие словосочетания.

pelvic girdle, specific (atomic, molecular) weight, to refer a patient to a specialist, reference book, a wide variety of

" "' > '."'■ ■'-■
Упражнение 10. Просмотрите текст А и скажите, какие органы брюшной
полости описаны в данном тексте.., _Lif

Text A:. у..