Often the agent is not known or does not need to be mentioned: The search for the bank robbers continues Meanwhile many people have been questioned and the owner of the stolen getaway car has been traced
Headlines, advertisements, notices, etc.
KENNEDY ASSASSINATED' TRADE AGREEMENTS BROKEN' PRICES SLASHED' ALL GOODS GREATLY REDUCED' PETROL COUPONS ACCEPTED
Scientific writing (to describe 'process')
The mixture is placed in a crucible and is heated to a temperature of 300°C It is then allowed to cool before it can be analysed
The causative
Form of the causative
The causative is formed with have + object + past participle: e.g.
Tenses:
present: We have our house decorated every year
We are having our house decorated soon
past: We had our house decorated last year
present perfect: We have just had our house decorated
future: We will have our house decorated next year
We'll be having our house decorated next year
Modals:
'present': We may have our house decorated next year
We may be having our house decorated soon
The causative
Notes on the form of the causative
1 Formation: regular and irregular past participles We form the causative with have + noun or pronoun object + the past participle of a verb, regular or irregular [> Apps 39, 40]: I've just had my car repaired I m going to have my hair cut What about the children? - I'm having them collected at 6 Get can be used in place of have, but it has a more limited use and often conveys a slightly different meaning [> 12.13]. Care must be taken with the word order to avoid confusion: / had built a house (past perfect) / had a house built (causative: simple past)
2 Phrasal verbs A sentence can end in a preposition or adverb particle [> 8.22]: The fridge isn't working properly I'm having it looked at There are instances where the past participle can be omitted: / had a tooth out this morning (for pulled out)
The causative used for focus