Знаков)

ventricular response in patients taking digoxin who had atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, ventricular rate less than 50/minute at rest (15%) and asymptomatic hypotension (5%) were reported. Dizziness, hypotension, peripheral edema, and headache are not uncommon and are related to vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle. Verapamil may accelerate conduction of anomalous AV conduction tissue, as in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, which can result in worsened tachycardia, including malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias or accelerated junctional tachycardia. Because of this potentially fatal side effect, verapamil is not recommended in patients with atrial fibrillation and premature ventricular depolarizations. Angina pectoris, AV block (second- and third-degree), atrioventricular dissociation, CHF, pulmonary edema, abnormal ECG, chest pain, claudication, hypertension, myocardial infarction, palpitations, and purpura (vasculitis) have been reported during open trials/postmarketing experience.[Ref]

CHF or pulmonary edema may be particularly important in patients with poor left ventricular function.

Various conduction disturbances have been reported with verapamil therapy, including bradycardia, AV block, first-, second-, third-degree heart block, and left bundle branch block.

One study of patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) has shown that patients with a history of WPW complicated by atrial fibrillation and a history of reciprocating tachycardias with rapid conduction over an accessory pathway during atrial fibrillation are more susceptible to ventricular fibrillation after verapamil than those without a history of a rapid ventricular response. A small series of patients with WPW complicated by atrial fibrillation and a rapid ventricular response who developed cardiac arrest within 1 to 10 minutes after receiving intravenous verapamil has been reported.

The mechanism by which verapamil may enhance the ventricular rate response to atrial fibrillation is not known. Verapamil may directly shorten the refractory period of the accessory pathway or cause reflex tachycardia indirectly by causing peripheral vasodilation.[Ref]

Nervous system

A 70-year-old man with supraventricular tachycardia began to experience uncontrollable, irregular, and symmetrical jerking movements in his extremities and torsional movements in his trunk 10 months after beginning verapamil (the active ingredient contained in Calan) Both myoclonic and dystonic movements occurred during activity and rest. An electroencephalogram was normal. The movements were not initiated by photic stimulation, hyperventilation, or acoustic