Vocabulary

outdoor education – обучение вне стен учебного заведения

ropes courses – курс обучения преодолению препятствий по канату

experiential education – эмпирическое воспитание

environmental education – природоохранное воспитание

stock control – контроль за состоянием товарных запасов

to overcome adversity – преодолеть превратности судьбы

domain – область, сфера

to some extent – в определенной степени

Outdoor education usually refers to organized learning that takes place in the outdoors. Outdoor education programmes sometimes involve residential or journey-based experiences in which students participate in a variety of adventurous challenges in the form of outdoor activities such as hiking, climbing, canoeing, ropes courses and group games. Forest Schools and the John Muir Award are amongst organizations which encourage and provide opportunities for outdoor learning. Outdoor education draws upon the philosophy, theory, and practices of experiential education and environmental education.

The roots of modern outdoor education can be found in the philosophical work of: Comenius, John Dewey, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Pestalozzi.

“Education outside the classroom" describes school curriculum learning, other than with a class of students sitting in a room with a teacher and books. It encompasses biology field trips and searching for insects in the school garden, as well as indoor activities like observing stock control in a local shop, or visiting a museum. It is a concept currently enjoying a revival because of the recognition of benefits from the more active style

Some typical aims of outdoor education are to:

Ø learn how to overcome adversity,

Ø enhance personal and social development,

Ø develop a deeper relationship with nature.

Outdoor education includes the three domains of self, others, and the natural world. The relative emphasis of these three domains varies from one program to another. An outdoor education program can, for example, emphasize one (or more) of these aims to:

Ø teach outdoor survival skills,

Ø improve problem solving skills,

Ø enhance teamwork,

Ø develop leadership skills,

Ø understand natural environments.

Outdoor education occurs, in one form or another, in most if not all countries of the world. Some countries, for example, view outdoor education as synonymous with environmental education, while other countries treat outdoor education and environmental education as distinct. Modern forms of outdoor education are most prevalent in the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Europe and to some extent in Asia and Africa [12].