2017-11-30
1061PASSIVE VOICE
Ex. 1. Put the following statements into the Passive Voice.
Example: New results confirm this idea. — This idea is confirmed by new results.
1. Many laboratories study this effect. This effect was studied in many laboratories
2. The work at the laboratory stimulates students' inventiveness. Students’ inventiveness is stimulated by the work at the laboratory
3. Edison invented the phonograph in 1877. The phonograph was invwnted by Edison in 1877
4. The researcher made another attempt to find an error.
5. The teacher will explain the phenomenon.
6. Physicists will use a new technique.
7. We have divided the problem into two parts.
8. He has found a new formulation.
9. Now the students are measuring the light velocity.
10. Engineers are widely applying computers in practice.
Ex. 2. Translate into Russian. Mind the translation of the Passive Voice.
A.
1. English classes are always attended by all students.
2. The reaction was watched with great attention.
3. At the beginning of the term our group will be joined by other students.
4. Many important questions dealing with plasma have already been answered.
5. Biochemical processes may be influenced by various factors.
B.
1. Physics is looked at as an ahistorical subject.
2. The accuracy of this method was spoken of at the conference.
3. These measuring instruments were not even thought of twenty years ago.
4. Wait a minute. The microscope has just been sent for.
5. Einstein's theory of relativity can always be relied on.
C.
Example: This law is often referred to. - На этот закон часто ссылаются.
A practical class at the Institute is referred to as a seminar. -
Практическое занятие в институте называется семинаром.
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1. The Feynman lectures on physics are often referred to at our seminars.
2. Don't include those results in your paper. They have been referred to many times.
3. The experiment destroying the ether-wind theory is referred to as Michelson-Morley experiment.
4. In the 60's the seminar in which many well-known physicists took part was referred to as the
Landau seminar.
D.
Remember several meanings of the verbs.
То follow
- следовать за кем- / чем-либо
- придерживаться теории / метода и т.п.
- наблюдать / следить за кем- / чем-либо
1. Lectures are always followed by practical work.
2. Thomson's discovery of the electron was followed by new striking discoveries,
3. The same technique was followed in all the experiments.
4. The processes on the earth are being followed from the spaceships.
5. The changes of temperature will be followed by using new methods.
To precede - предшествовать, находиться, идти впереди
1. The experiment was preceded by a talk with a teacher.
2. Every flight has always been preceded by a thorough control of luggage.
3. A great number of experiments preceded cloning Dolly.
4. Cloning Dolly was preceded by a great number of experiments.
5. According to the plan the lecture will be preceded by a few words of greeting.
6. All the necessary information is located on the preceding pages.
7. The week preceding the court hearings (слушания в суде) had been tense and nervous.
8. The results described in the preceding sections appear to support our conclusion.
Ex. 3. Translate into Russian.
1. The development of this particular problem is included in the plan of our work.
2. The definitions that had been given at the last lecture were involved into this report.
3. The relationship that exists between these two concepts has recently been defined.
4. After his attempts to give a concise (краткий) description of the method he was asked to describe it more completely.
5. In this experiment they were told to measure certain physical quantities.
6. The history of the development of physical ideas is being studied now.
7. A greater part of the discussion has been devoted to the quantitative methods in science.
8. In this paper some attempts will be made to define the relationships among neighbouring sciences.
9. All even the least complex aspects of the problem had been discussed before they started the experiment.
10. His new invention has been much spoken about.
11. Today electricity and magnetism are thought of as different aspects of a single concept of electromagnetism.
12. It can be seen in the figure that the body is acted upon by several forces.
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13. Once a body has been set in motion, it may not stop moving when the force is removed.
14. Their fruitful methods are referred to in different papers.
15. Optical phenomena resulting from the presence of a magnetic field will be referred to in the subsequent (последующий) sections of the paper.
16. The energy needed to remove one photon or neutron from the nucleus of a particular element is referred to as separation energy.
17. It is to be emphasized that in our case Swing's theory of magnetism should be followed.
18. The reduction of gas pressure was followed by the reduction of gas temperature.
19. Every experiment is preceded by a talk with a teacher.
20. The appearance of Bohr's atomic model was preceded by numerous planetary models of the atom.
21. The frictional forces (силы трения) were dealt with in the previous chapter.
22. This problem is dealt with in the last chapter of his book on solid-state physics.
23. In this particular case the random motion of particles is slightly acted upon by temperature changes which may be disregarded (пренебрегать) in the future analysis.
24. It is quite obvious that science is affecting and being affected by social changes of our time.
25. Energy loss has been prevented by maintaining the voltage at the same mean value.
26. In a diatomic molecule the force pulling the atoms together may be thought of as proportional to the distance between the atoms.
27. This problem cannot be dealt with unless more precise (точный) data are obtained.
28. Careful attention must be paid to the algebraic signs when using the equation.
29. Care should be taken to conserve the distribution of the charge placed in the immediate vicinity (соседство) of the probe one.
30. Maxwell's law of distribution of velocities (скорость) may be relied upon in determining the positions and energy distribution of gas molecules.
