The fishing industry of Russia

Exercise 3. Read and translate the text.

TEXT 1

UNIT 1. FISHING INDUSTRY

PART 1. HISTORY AND PRESENT DAY OF FISH INDUSTRY

Exercise 1. a) Read and translate international words without a dictionary:

port, to cooperate, operation, ocean, modern, crab, apparatus, horizontal, vertical, unlimited, position, active, course, accurate, echo, trawler.

b) Check if you remember the meaning of these words:

fish, enterprise, source, market, branch, fleet, ship, boat, pond, shore, target.

c) Read and translate the following word combinations:

the fishing industry, inland waters, the sea fishing fleet, pre-revolutionary Russia, national economy, rapid development, international level, radio-electronic instruments, the accurate position, fishing and catching of various marine animals, to deliver finished products to the ports, ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore contacts, the biggest flotilla, echo-sounders, ships for research work and prospecting, surface fish.

Exercise 2. Read and memorize the words from the text below:

possess, v	владеть, иметь, обладать
vast, adj	огромный, обширный, громадный
enormous, adj	громадный, гигантский
shellfish, n	моллюск, ракообразное
crustacean, n	ракообразное
mammal, n	млекопитающее
seaweed, n	морская водоросль
species, n	вид
inhabit, v	жить, обитать, населять
exterminate, v	искоренять, истреблять
stock, n	запас
detect, v	замечать, обнаруживать
plunder, n	разорение, разграбление
shoal, n	стая, косяк (рыбы)
density, n	густота, плотность
conduct, v	руководить, управлять

Our country possesses vast marine fields populated by enormous stocks of fish, shellfish, crustacea, aquatic mammals and various seaweeds. Over 310 species of fish inhabit our inland waters (rivers, lakes, and ponds) and the seas washing the shores of Russia.

The fishing industry in the pre-revolutionary Russia was one of the most backward branches of its national economy. The sea fishing fleet was almost unknown, particularly in the Far-Eastern waters where all kinds of foreign predatory ships ploughed our inshore waters plundering sea riches and exterminating the stock of sea mammals, especially fur seals.

Nowadays the fishing industry of our country is getting its rapid development. No doubt that our fishing industry ranks with the most advanced one in the world. The Russian fishing industry has a powerful fleet with an unlimited range of operation. It has ships for research work and prospecting, life boats and other auxiliaries. It has the biggest flotilla in the world of large size refrigerator trawlers. These are unique floating factories. They deliver finished products to the ports, and this increases the profitability of the operation considerably.

The modern fishing ships are equipped with radio-electronic instruments, which enable boats to keep strictly to the desired course, detect shoals of fish and maintain ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore contacts.

The search equipment developed with the use of echo-sounders is widely used to deject deep-sea and surface fish, whales and crabs, and to control the operation of trawl nets. Our fishing fleet has the apparatus for horizontal and vertical prospecting, which gives the accurate position and density of fish shoals.

Our country conducts active fishing and catching of various marine animals in different parts of the world ocean. In this connection it cooperates on an international level with other countries.