Fig. 16. Urinary casts

Lesson 19 ^ 201

A common disease of the kidney, known as Bright's disease, in­cludes a number of different conditions. Bright was a physician estab­lishing a connection between degenerative changes in the kidney and the presence of albumin in the urine. The discovery of albumin in the urine usually indicates a faulty working of the kidneys. It means that albumin from the blood plasma is being allowed to pass through the renal tubules, and thus be excreted in the urine. At the same time the damaged tubules fail to eliminate fluid. This fluid collects in the tis­sues and causes swelling, or edema, of various parts of the body. The fluid is more likely to collect in the legs and in the eyelids. Hence the puffy face and swollen legs of the sufferers from advanced Bright's disease.

It must not be assumed, however, that the presence of a small amount of albumin in the urine is necessarily a sign of Bright's disease. It is often transient and of no great significance.

Notes

1. sequel следствие

2. pernicious anaemia [a'niimja] злокачественная анемия

Упражнение 2. Найдите в тексте В предложения, более полно выражающие мысль данных суждений, и прочтите их вслух.

1. There are three structures of the kidney which are susceptible to disease. 2. A clearance test is a diagnosing procedure in glomerulo-nephritis. 3. Nephroses are caused by poisons. 4. The patients who have received the wrong type of blood can be saved. 5. The presence of albumin in the urine is a symptom of a number of conditions known under the heading of Bright's disease.

Упражнение З. Назовите заболевания почек, описанные в тексте В.

Часть III

Контрольно-обобщающее упражнение к уроку 19

Найдите в следующих предложениях причастия, выполняющие функцию определения.

1. Case 5 had his blood pressure raised over all period of investiga-tion. 2. Transient or reversible albuminuria accompanied by oliguria and highly concentrated urine can be due to functional changes in the

202 ♦ Learning to Understand a Medical Text

glomerular membrane. 3. When damaged the glomerular epithelium becomes permeable to the blood coloids. 4. Oliguria or decreased secre­tion of urine, may be due to a number of renal factors. 5. Albuminuria is common in passive congestion accompanying cardiac decompensa­tion. 6. Intravenous pyelography having been performed, the patient was operated on.

(Ответ: 1, 2, 4, 5. Если вы ошиблись, повторите §§ 20, 21 Грам­матического справочника.)

V. Environmental Medicine

LESSON TWENTY

THE AIR AND HEALTH

Повторение: Ing-формы (§ 24)

Часть I