2015-05-27
1220
Едва ли найдется страна...
variety разнообразие, множество
scenery пейзаж, ландшафт
vegetation растительность
steppe степь
plain равнина
midland средняя полоса
tundra тундра
taiga тайга
highland нагорье, высокогорная местность
desert пустыня
chain цепь
to separate разделять
to flow into впадать
Siberian сибирский
to count считать
bottom дно
to concentrate сосредотачиваться, концентрироваться
European европейский
vast обширный
territory территория
various различный
climate климат, климатический пояс
arctic арктический
subtropical субтропический
temperate умеренный
continental континентальный
oil нефть
coal уголь
iron ore железная руда
copper медь
mineral resources полезные ископаемые
parliamentary парламентский
head of state глава государства
legislative законодательный
powers полномочия
to exercise осуществлять, выполнять
scientific научный
complicated сложный, запутанный
to decrease снижаться, падать
constantly постоянно
the rate of inflation уровень инфляции
to go bankrupt обанкротиться
in spite of несмотря на
the younger generation молодое поколение
powerful могучий
Упражнения на первичное закрепление
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лексического материала
I. Ответьте на вопросы:
1.Where is the Russian Federation situated?
2.What is the total area of the country?
3.What countries does Russia border on?
4.What mountain chain separates Europe from Asia?
5.How many rivers are there in Russia?
6.Which is the longest river in Europe?
7.What do you know about Lake Baikal?
8.Do you know what strait separates Russia from America?
9. What mineral resources is the Russian Federation rich in?
10. What is the climate like in Russia?
11. What can you say about the present economic situation in Russia?
12. What great Russians do you know?
II. Прочитайте следующие предложения и найдите в тексте, какое утверждение правда, а какое нет:
1. The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world.
2. Russian Federation’s total area is about 10 million square kilometers.
3. It has a sea-border with the USA.
4. The Russian Federation has a very beautiful scenery and vegetation.
5. There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland.
6. Russia is poor in lakes.
7. Russia has one-sixth of the world's forests.
8. There are a lot of mineral resources such as oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel.
9. Russia is a parliamentary republic and the Head of State is the President.
10. The capital of Russia is Moscow.
III. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык:
1. Россия- самая большая страна в мире. 2. США занимает южную часть Северной Америки и протягивается от Тихого до Атлантического океана. 3. Столица России- Москва. 4. На юге российская федерация граничит с Китаем, Монголией, Кореей, Казахстаном, Грузией и Азербайджаном, а на востоке с Норвегией, Финляндией, Прибалтийскими государствами, Белоруссией и Украиной. 4. В Росси красивые ландшафты и большое разнообразие растительности. 5. США так же как и Россия являются парламентским государством, во главе которого находится президент.
IV. Заполните предложения из текста подходящими словами и словосочетаниями:
1. The Russian Federation is the largest _______in the world.(city/ town/ country).
2. The country is by 12seas of 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic(washed/bordered on).
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3. There are two great ________ in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland (plains/ sceneries/steppes).
4. On the vast territory of the country there are _________ types of climate (various / little).
5. At present, the political and economic situation in the country is rather ____________(good/easy/complicated).
6. Moscow is one of the ________ Russian cities (younger/oldest).
V. Прочитайте и переведите письмо Александра к своему зарубежному другу Герри:
Dear Harry,
Thanks for your letter. It was so great to hear from you the other day. You should write more often.
Anyway, you asked me to tell you about Russian Federation. Well, it is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth's surface. Russia stretches almost 10 000 (ten thousand) kilometers from east to west and nearly 5 000 (five thousand) kilometers from north to south. Its population is 150 000 000 (one hundred and fifty) million people. There are different types of climate in the various regions of Russia. It is very cold in Yakutia even in summer. Central Russia has mild climate: winters are quite cold, springs and autumns are cool and wet, summers are hot. In Krasnodarsky Region the temperature is above zero all year round, even in winter. Summer is really hot there. In some locations the climate is subtropical. The climate of Siberia is continental: summers are hot and dry and winters are cold and windy. There are a lot of mountains in Russia. The oldest ones and very rich in minerals are the Urals. There are many rivers in Russia, the longest ones are Volga in Europe and Yenisei and Ob in Asia. The deepest lakes are Baikal and Ladoga. Baikal water once was purest in the world. Now environment protection organizations` leaders want it to be restored and kept safe and pure. They demand removing industrial enterprises out of its shore. Russian Federation is very rich in mineral resources such as oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, gold and diamonds. Moscow is the capital of our country. It was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruky. It is a busy commercial and industrial Megapolis and a nice city at the same time. There are a lot of art galleries, theatres, museums and monuments in Moscow. The most famous historical place is Moscow Kremlin, where there is the President resides and works. People of Russia take proud of the Kremlin. There are also a great number of beautiful cities in Russia.
But, as think you’ll see all by yourself. I invite you to visit me this summer. I hope you accept my invitation.
I look forward to your response.
Your friend Sasha.
VI. Напишите письмо, 100 слов, зарубежному другу на тему «Города России».
Упражнения на первичное закрепление
грамматического материала
I. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных:
Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave.
II. Переведите на английский язык:
Старый, старше, самый старый, самый старший, мой старший брат, мой старый друг, дальше, самый дальний, самый длинный, короче, счастливый, счастливее, самый счастливый, самый лучший, самый черный, длиннее, хуже, лучше, теплее, ее лучший друг, ее младший сын, его старший сын.
III. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple:
1. What your neighbours (to do) yesterday? 2. Mr Smith (to fix) his car yesterday morning. 3. His wife (to water) plants in the garden. 4. Their children (to clean) the yard and then they (to play) basketball. 5. In the evening their boys (to listen) to loud music and (to watch) TV. 6. Their little girl (to cry) a little and then (to smile). 7. Her brothers (to shout) at her. 8. Mrs Smith (to work) in the kitchen. 8. The children (to brush) their teeth, (to yawn) a little and (to go) to bed. 9. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday. 10. Last week Mary (to write) a funny story about her pet.
IV. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple или Past Simple:
1. Tom always (to eat) breakfast. 2. Yesterday he (not to eat) breakfast because he (to get) up late. 3. We (to like) to cook but we (not to like) to wash the dishes. 4. He never (to shout) at his students. He (to be) a wonderful teacher, I remember. 5. My friend (to know) Spanish very well. 6. Who (to ring) you up an hour ago? 7. He (to live) on the third floor. 8. It (to take) you long to find his house yesterday? 9. When your lessons (to be) over on Monday? 10. I (to have) dinner with my family yesterday.
