Вопрос 43 The great vowel Shift

Include ME long vowels which were monophtongonized.

General case:

i: > ai /ri:den/ > /raid/ ride, ė: > i: /sle:pen/ > /sli:p/ sleep, ę: > e: > i: /mę:l / > /me:l/ > /mi:l/ meal, a: > ae: > ei /na:m/ > /neim/, ò: (о-долгое открытое) > ou /ro:d/ > /roud/, ǒ: (о-долгое закрытое) > u: /mo:n/ > /mu:n/, u: > au /hu:s/ > /haus/.

There is a contraction(сужение) and push out (вытеснение) of vowels i: and u:, which became diphthongs, e: and o: have taken their place.

Spelling (Orthography): - “ee”: - “ea”, ò: - “ou”: - “oa” (See/sea; meet/meat - the spelling explaince a condition of16 century, and the end of a phase of merge(слияние):it: is 17 century.).

Great, steak, break -: ę: turn into ei. The basic result of this shift is reduction of number of vowel phonemes due to reduction of number of long vowels.

i:-------u:, ė:-----ò:, ę:---ǒ:, a:.

The Great Vowd Shift { 14-18 cc). 1 theory - 15-17 century, 2-nd - 16-18 century, in 18 century - rhymes and орфоэпические texts. Historian G.S.Uajld at dating started with an illiterate writing. Bleynd (blind), credyll (cradle) in XV century. On the basis of some similar spelling it dates the beginning of the shift of vowels to 14 century – the beginning of. 15 century, and the end of merge /ė:/ и /ę:/ с /i:/ from ME. /e:/ - концом XVI в.

Some theories explains ВСГ -

1.push-chain. Все началось с e: и o:. Они стали «push out» narrow.

2.drag-chain Узкие ушли в дифтонги и потянули(drag) за собой монофтонги.

But: Both theory shows that: 1. In this chain it became tight (тесно). 2. At first the narrow monophtongs have gone (ушли) and more wide have taken their place.