Завдання для додаткового добору балів

1. Analyze 2-3 additional sentences of the Gothic texts ‘Codex Argentus’, Marc I, 1-20, pp. 205-206; Johannes, XVIII, 1-20, pp. 206-207 (see Zhluktenko, Yavorska 1986) according to the abovementioned scheme (2 points each).

1. Fulfill the tasks (1 point each):

1. Compare the following words: Goth. batiza, OHG bezziro, Germ. besser, OE betera, Engl. better. Prove their relatedness and explain:

a) the process which lies beneath the change a>e;

b) the process which lies beneath the change t>z;

c) the process which lies beneath the change z>r;

d) the process which explains the doubling of consonants;

e) the process which explains the loss of final consonant in Engl. better and Germ. besser and change i>e?

1. Prove the relatedness of Goth. wasjan ‘wear, be dressed’ and Engl. wear.
2. Prove the relatedness of Engl. sheen ‘shiny, glittering’, OHG sconi, Germ schön ‘beautiful, nice’.
3. Explain the phonetic processes explaining the changes in the following words: Goth. eisarn, Germ Eisen, OE iren, Engl. iron.
4. Analyze the following correspondences and decide if English word is West Germanic or loan form Scandinavian languages? Engl. egg, Germ. Ei, Ukr. яйце, Swed. Ägg, OIcel. Egg, Goth. addja.
5. Explain the relatedness of Goth. auso, Germ. Ohr, Engl. ear.
6. Explain the relatedness of the following:
1. Germ. Tod, Goth. dauþus, Engl. death;
2. Engl. deed, Germ Tat;
3. Engl. deaf, Germ. taub;
4. Engl. break, Germ. brechen;
5. Engl. thank, Germ. danken;
6. Engl. make, Germ. machen;
7. Engl. slight, Germ. schlecht;
8. Engl. great, Germ. groß;
9. Engl. sweet, Lat. suadere, Germ. süß;
10. Engl. wife, Germ. Weib;
11. Engl. leaf, Germ. Laub, Goth. laufs;
12. Engl. lot, Germ. Los.
7. Can the similarity of Engl. butter, Germ. Butter; Engl. sport, Germ. Sport be explained be genetic relatedness of common borrowing?
8. Which words are the German correspondences to English nut, hot, white, tale, tame, tongue, top, timber. Explain the correspondences.
9. Give English correspondences to German Zopf, Zaun, shcarf, Krampf. Give the explanation.
10. Prove the genetic relatedness of Engl. great, Germ. groß, Engl. gate, Germ. Gasse, Engl. clap, Germ. klaffen. Why there are no changes of Germanic t in German in some cases?
11. Is there genetic relatedness between Germ. Fuß and Engl. fuss, Germ. voll and Engl. full, Engl. tee and Germ. Tee.
12. Prove the relatedness of Russ. дом, Lat. domus, Engl. timber, Germ. Zimmer and reconstruct IE consonants, explain the transition of mb>mm.
13. Emplain the relatedness between Engl. toe, Germ. Zeh, Gk. daktylos.
14. Find English and IE correspondences to Germ. Dorf ‘village’.
15. Can Russ. камень and Germ. Hammer be genetically related?
16. Can Lat. palma ‘hand, palm’, Engl. feel, Germ. fühlen be genetically related?
17. Prove the relatedness between IE * melg, Germ. Milch and find Engl. correspondence. Explain the change e>i.
18. Find German equivalent for PGmc. * kaldas.
19. Are all of the correspondences Engl. while, OE hwil ‘time’, Germ. Weile ‘some time’, Goth. heila ‘time’, Russ. по- кой, Lat. quies, Ukr. хвилина genetically related? Reconstruct IE root.