Practical work of students

The concept of acid-base homeostasis. The main buffer systems of the blood.

Physiologic mechanisms responsible for the normal acid-base balance: role of the respiratory system; role of kidneys.

Typical forms of disorders of acid-base balance. Metabolic acidosis: causes and symptoms.Metabolic alkalosis: causes and symptoms.

Respiratory acidosis: causes and mechanisms. Respiratory alkalosis: causes and mechanisms.

Primary and compensatory changes in various types acidosis and alkalosis.

Laboratory parameters used in diagnostics of acid-base dysbalance.

Methods of teaching

Discussion the major issues under the supervision of a teacher, discussion pathogenetic schemes.

6.6.6. THE LIST OF LITERATURE:

The basic

1. Litvitsky P.F., Pirozhkov S.V., Tezikov E.B. Concise lectures and tests on pathophysiology E-tekstbook. – ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2007

Additional

2. Textbook of pathology. Harsh Mohan. Body fluid and circulatory disturbances. 4rd edition, Delhi, 2004.- P 100-102.

3. Textbook of medical physiology. Regulation of acid-base balance. A.C. Guyton, J.E. Hall., 9^th edition, 1996.-P. 385-403

Methods of control

Oral questioning, checking pathogenetic schemes, testing

The approximate timing of classes

№	Steps of the class	Time (min)
	Organizational part. Roll Call, reading the goals and objectives of the class, distribution of demonstration material
	Discussion the questions, task № 1,2
	Break
	Task № 3
	Test
	Summarizing the classroom work, assessment of competencies

Practical work of students

Task № 1.

Study logic structures of the theme.

№ 1

		Respiratory acidosis
	Types				Decompensated

		Etiology		Respiratory insufficiency		High level of CO2 in inspired air

Decompensated

Compensated

№ 2

		The main pathogenetic factor: high level of organic acids

№ 3

	Organism's disorders ü Low vascular tone ü High neuro-muscular excitability ü Cardiac arrhythmias

№ 4

	Compensated				Decompensated

№ 5. Compensatory mechanisms at acid-base balance (ABB) disorders

(The main buffer systems)

Respiratory acidosis	- the main role belongs to hemoglobin buffer (it fills up bicarbonate buffer of plasma and connects protons)
Non respiratory acidosis	- the main role belongs to bicarbonate and protein buffer
Respiratory alkalosis	- the main role belongs to protein buffer which dissociates with releasing Н + ions to plasma.
Non respiratory alkalosis	- the main role belongs to protein buffer.