Упражнения

III. * Прочтите предложения, укажите номера предложений, в ко­торых инфинитив является подлежащим, и переведите все предло­жения:

1. То eliminate this counterflow was the task of the student.

2. To eliminate this counterflow, a third grid was placed bet­ween the plate and the screen grid and connected to the cathode.

3. To produce negative electrodes iron and zinc plates are used.

4. To produce negative electrodes was the first task of the engineer.

5. To conduct a series of experiments for the improvement of space communication is the first step in solving this problem.

6. To conduct a series of experiments on these substances the engineers studied the results of some other experiments.

7. To work in this field of science was the task of the engi­neer.

8. To work successfully in this field of science the student has to know the fundamentals of electrical engineering.

IV. Прочтите и переведите предложения:

1. The assistant is to perform all theseoperations.

2. The task of the laboratory is toperform all these opera­tions in a short period of time.

3. The operator was to tune the receiverto a definite fre­quency.

4. The problem was to tune the receiver to a definite fre­quency.

5. The function of this device was to compute all these quan­tities.

6. According to the programme the device was to compute all these quantities in a very short period of time.

7. The aim of the scientists was to investigate the operation of space communication systems.

8. The engineer was to investigate the properties of super­conducting materials under various conditions.

V. Прочтите и переведите группы слов:

1. the communication establishment; 2. communication establishment possibilities; 3. long-distance communication establishment possibilities; 4. low temperature physics; 5. low temperature physics investigations; 6. a transmission line; 7. the transmission line efficiency; 8. electrical control systems; 9. automatic control systems; 10. artificial radio-activity pro­perties; 11. artificial radio-activity properties investigations; 12. a great energy source; 13. the electric power consumption; 14. semiconductor quantum generators; 15. light wave energy; 16. super-speed computers; 17. radio frequency quantum gene­rators

VI. * Укажите дробью синонимы и синонимичные выражения;

к каждому слову (сочетанию) из левой колонки (числитель) подберите его синоним из правой (знаменатель):

1. source

2. to create

3. to supply

4. external

5. to compute

6. to perform

7. man-made

8. to affect

9. provided

10. to take into account

11. to obtain

1. to calculate

2. to make

3. artificial

4. to get.

5. a supply

6. to take into consideration

7. to influence

8. to construct

9. if

10. outer

11. to provide

VII. * Укажите дробью антонимы: к каждому слову из левой колонки (числитель) подберите его антоним из правой (знаменатель):

1. to separate 1. natural

2. internal 2. a transmitter

3. visible 3. high

4. reliable 4. to connect

5. artificial 5. unreliable

6. fruitful 6. thick

7. thin 7. external

8. to giveoff 8. to take

9. unique 9. close [s]

10. distant 10. invisible

11. low 11. fruitless

12. a receiver 12. commo

VIII. * Прочтите и переведите сочетания слов:

1. a reliable insulator;2. to create a reliable insulator; 3. artificial radioactivity; 4. artificial admixtures; 5. a fruit­ful discussion; 6. a fruitful cooperation. 7. to establish reliable contact; 8. to set the indicator to zero; 9. to set the required frequency; 10. to tune a radio-set to a low frequency; 11. to tune a receiver to the required frequency; 12. to contain a score of parts; 13. thin films; 14. the system control; 15. the compu­ters control; 16. within this region; 17. within this voltage; 18. to achieve good results; 19. to achieve high reliability; 20. to find the difference in pressure; 21. to find unique proper­ties

IX. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на способы перевода независимого причастного оборота:

1. The fundamentals of electricity are the fundamentals of electronics, both being branches of physics.

2. The condenser being placed in a direct current circuit, the current will stop flowing.

3. The velocity, length and frequency of the wave are inde­pendent of each other, the frequency being equal to the velocity divided by the wave-length.

4. The size of the electrodes being increased, the current capacity also increases, the voltage output remaining the same.

X. Переведите, не пользуясь словарем:

Capacitors¹

A capacitor is one of the main elements of a circuit. It is used to store² electric energy. A capacitor stores electric energy provided that a voltage source is applied to it. The main parts of a capacitor are metal plates and insulators. The function of insulators is to isolate the metal plates and in this way to pre­vent³ a short⁴. There are two common types of capacitors nowa­days: a fixed capacitor and a variable capacitor. The plates of a fixed capacitor cannot be moved; for the reason⁵ its capacity does not change. The plates of a variable capacitor moving, its capacity changes. The greater the distance between the plates, the less is the capacity of a capacitor. Variable capaci­tors are commonly used by radiomen; their function is to change the frequency in the circuit. Fixed capacitors are applied in tele­phone and radio work. Fixed capacitors have insulators produ­ced of paper, ceramics and other materials; variable capacitors have air insulators. Paper capacitors are commonly used in ra­dio and electronics; their advantage⁶ is their high capacity; it may be higher than 1,000 picofarad.