The Object of Lexicology

Lexicology (Greek word): lexicos –referring to a wordLogos – learning (learning a word)

Lexicology – deals with vocabulary of the language and the property of words as basic

units of the language.The object of Lexicology is a words-stock (vocabulary) of the particularly language.Vocabulary – it is system formed by the sum total of words and phraseological unitsthat the language possesses.Task of lexicology –

1. Is to give systematic description of the English vocabulary, its etymological peculiar features and its classifications.

2. to study the rules of enriching the vocabularyLexicology as a part of general linguistics is divided into several branches that studydifferent aspects of words, word-combination and the vocabulary.1. General lexicology – is the general study of the vocabulary irrespective (независимые) of a specific features of any particular language.

Linguistic phenomena and properties common for any language are called general

universals (лингвистический универсалии)

2. Special lexicology – studies characteristic features of the vocabulary of a give language.

3. Contrastive lexicology (comparative) – comparing of the vocabulary systems of two or more languages..

4. Historical lexicology (etymology) – studies the evolution of separate words and the vocabulary in general. (the process of development of this or that word. First written document VIII century)5. Descriptive lexicology – studies the vocabulary of a given language at a givenstage of its development; it analyses the function ofwords and their specific structure.6. Applied branches of lexicology (прикладная)

· lexicography (creating dictionaries)

· translation (to be successful in translation)

· linguistic pedagogic;

· speech culture

The Definition of Linguistics.

Linguistics is study of language.

Linguistics is concerned with human language as a universal and recognizable part of human behavior and of the human abilities. Raja T. Nasr (1984).

Linguistics is competence as being a persons potential to speak a language, and his or her linguistics performance as the realization of that potential. Monica Crabtree & Joyce Powers (1994).