Complete the sentences

1. Radar can track ________

2. High-power radar uses __________

3. NASA stands for ___________

4. NASA has used radar for ____________

5. The distance to the object is determined ______________

6. Law enforcement uses radar in_____________

Change into passive

1. Most radar systems determine position in two dimensions: azimuth (compass bearing) and radius (distance). 2. Air-traffic control uses Radar systems3.Doppler radar employs a combination of position-sensing and speed-sensing radar.4. A rotating antenna transmits RF pulses at defined intervals. 5. The ionosphere refracts HF waves. 6. The signal causes interference

Read the text

FAA RADAR SYSTEMS

The FAA operates two basic radar systems; airport surveillance radar (ASR) and air route surveillance radar (ARSR). Both of these surveillance systems use primary and secondary radar returns, as well as sophisticated computers and software programs designed to give the controller additional information, such as aircraft speed and altitude.

AIR ROUTE SURVEILLANCE RADAR

The long-range radar equipment used in controlled air space to manage traffic is the air route surveillance radar(ARSR) system. There are approximately 100 ARSR facilities to relay traffic information to radar controllers throughout the country. Some of these facilities can detect only transponder-equipped aircraft and are referred to as beacon-only sites. Each air route surveillance radar site can monitor aircraft flying within a 200- mile radius of the antenna, although some stations can monitor aircraft as far away as 600 miles through the use of remote sites. The direction and coordination of IFR traffic in the U.S. is assigned to air route traffic control centers (ARTCCs). These centers are the authority for issuing IFR clearances and managing IFR traffic; however, they also provide services to VFR pilots. Workload permitting, controllers will provide traffic advisories and course guidance, or vectors, if requested.

Primary Radar

In primary radar a beam of individual pulses of energy is transmitted from the ground equipment at the rate of approximately 1200 per second, while the transmitting antenna rotates at a speed of 3 to б rpm for long — range systems, and as fast as 60 rpm for airport coverage. These pulses hit the aircraft from 16 to 34 times each scan. An aircraft in the path of this radar beam will reflect back some of the pulses which are picked up by a receiver. This reflected energy produces a bright «echo» or «target» on a cathode ray tube.