2015-09-06
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1. of Purpose
(in order) to get smth
to do smth (so as) to be given smth
* I have come here to speak to you.
* Sometimes you retreat in order to advance.
2. of Result (after the adverbs too, enough)
old to do smth
(too) young (enough) to be done
easy to have done
difficult to have been done
* I was too busy to see anyone.
* She is old enough to be taken for his mother.
* That girl is stupid enough to have believed every word he said.
3. of Comparison or Manner (after as if, as though)
* He moved his hands towards his lips as if to stop her.
4. of Attendant Circumstances
* I` m sorry to have raised your expectations only to disappoint them.
The infinitive as Parenthesis
* To speak the truth I was troubled.
* He was rude, to say the least of it.
* To cut a long story short...(Короче говоря...)
* To say nothing... (Не говоря уже...)
COMPLEXES with the INFINITIVE
The infinitive may have a subject of its own within the sentence. In this case it forms with it a construction called a complex. The relations between the elements of the complex are predicative. The infinitive forms three such complexes.
THE COMPLEX OBJECT
(The Objective with the Infinitive Construction. The Accusative with the Infinitive.)
This complex consists of a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the objective case and the infinitive mostly Indefinite or Passive. This complex is always an object in the sentence. It is mostly translated into Russian by an object clause.
It is used after verbs denoting:
a) sense perception
to see
to hear smb do smth
to notice
to watch
to feel
* I saw Brown enter the room.
* I felt the blush rush into my cheeks.
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b) mental activity
to know
to think smb to do smth
to consider
to believe
* Everybody expected Pete to marry Ann.
c) declaring
to pronounce smb to do smth
to declare
* She declared him to be a pleasant child.
d) wish and desire
to wish smb to do smth
to desire
to mean
to intend
* I don`t mean you to learn this poem by heart.
* I want you to come and dine with us.
e) emotion
to like smb to do smth
to dislike
to hate
to bare
* I dislike you to talk like that.
* I cannot bear you to speak of that.
f) order and permission
to allow smb to do smth
to permit
to forbid
to let smb do smth
* He ordered his luggage to be ready early in the morning.
g) compulsion
to make smb do smth
to have (распорядиться)
* We had her do the work at once.
to cause (заставлять) smb to do smth
to get (заставлять, убеждать)
* He caused her to do that.
* I cannot get her to finish her lessons.
