The Adverbial Complement of Measure/Обставина міри

The meaning of measure in the contrasted languages is expressed by numerals with nouns denoting a unit of measure (length, weight, time,

temperature, etc.) as well as by some word-groups and adverbs expressing quantity. The adverbial complements follow statal verbs denoting various processes of measurement (to measure, to weigh, to cost, to last, to walk, to run — міряти, важити, коштувати, бігти, йти, продовжуватися / тривати).

1. Nouns of measure in word-groups of both languages are mostly preceded by numerals:

It cost about ninety bucks, and all he Річ коштувала близько дев'яноста bought it for was twenty. (Salinger) доларів, а він купив її всього за двадцять.

In three steps the grandmother За три кроки бабуня дійшла до дверей.

reached the door. (Donnell)

2. No less frequent is the expression of the complement of measure by substantival word-groups of quantitative meaning, eg:

He stood still a long while, surveying Довгий час він стояв нерухомо,

the hillside. (London) оглядаючи горбистий краєвид.

Не moved down the stream a few steps. Потім він пройшов кілька кроків

(Ibid.) уздовж струмка.

3. Adverbs denoting measure also express these adverbial comple ments: Measure twice, cut once/score twice before you cut once. (Prov erbs) He is twice the man. (Hornby) Similarly in Ukrainian: Лінивий двічі ходить, скупий двічі платить. (Прислів'я) Важить білуха дуже багато, стільки як слон. (Трублаїні)

The Detached Secondary Parts of the Sentence/ Відокремлені другорядні члени речення

Isomorphic in English and Ukrainian, like in all other Indo-European languages, is also the existence of detached secondary parts of the sentence, which may be unextended or extended. Their position in the sentence is not always fixed and they have a loose connection with their head components. Apart from their relatively free preposed or postposed

placement detached parts of the sentence in both contrasted languages have an implicit predicative meaning. Besides, these parts of the sentence can be only object (indirect), attribute and the adverbial parts. The most frequently detached in both contrasted languages are attributes (including appositional attributes).