What is CSS? Give example

What is W3c?

W3C(World Wide Web Consortium) was created to ensure compatibility and agreement among industry members in the adoption of new standards. Prior to its creation, incompatible versions of HTML were offered by different vendors, increasing the potential for inconsistency between web pages.

What is HTTP?

Short for H yper T ext T ransfer P rotocol, the underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web. HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch and transmit the requested Web page.

The other main standard that controls how the World Wide Web works is HTML, which covers how Web pages are formatted and displayed.

What is XML? Give example.

· XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language

· XML is a markup language much like HTML

· XML was designed to carry data, not to display data

· XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags

· XML is designed to be self-descriptive

· XML is a W3C Recommendation

<note>

<heading>Reminder</heading>

<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>

</note>

What is HTML? Give example.

HTML is a language for describing web pages.

· HTML stands for H yper T ext M arkup L anguage

· HTML is a markup language

· A markup language is a set of markup tags

· The tags describe document content

· HTML documents containHTML tags and plain text

· HTML documents are also called web pages

<html>

<body>

<h1>This is heading 1</h1>

</body>

</html>

What is XHTML? Give example.

· XHTML stands for E X tensible H yper T ext M arkup L anguage

· XHTML is almost identical to HTML 4.01

· XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML

· XHTML is HTML defined as an XML application

· XHTML is supported by all major browsers.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Title of document</title>
</head>

What is CSS? Give example.

· CSS stands for C ascading S tyle S heets

· Styles define how to display HTML elements

· Styles were added to HTML 4.0 to solve a problem

· External Style Sheets can save a lot of work

· External Style Sheets are stored in CSS files

<head>

<style>

body {background-color:yellow;}

h1 {font-size:36pt;}

h2 {color:blue;}

p {margin-left:50px;}

</style>

</head>

The id selector is used to specify a style for a single, unique element.

#para1 {
text-align:center;
color:red;
}

The class selector is used to specify a style for a group of elements. Unlike the id selector, the class selector is most often used on several elements.

.center {text-align:center;}

There are three ways of inserting a style sheet:

· External style sheet

· Internal style sheet

· Inline style

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