2015-10-22
2611
1. What problems are economists interested in?
2. What are three main approaches to economics?
3. What specialized areas of economics do you know?
4. Why do economists use economic models?
5. Why is it not possible to include all the details in a model?
6. What does a model usually include?
7. Which of the models does an economist always choose?
8. Why is it necessary for an economist to collect and study actual data?
Вставьте слова из активного словаря, употребив их в нужной форме.
1. Trade... well in this area.
2. It is necessary to have correct... to make a correct decision
3. He does not have... money to... the radio.
4. Economists study the... between prices of different goods in the....
5. The economist…......industrial economics.
6. The growth of industry and agriculture... the life of all the people in the country.
Употребив глаголы в нужной форме, сделайте следующие предложения утвердительными или отрицатели ми в зависимости от смысла.
1. People (to get) resources from the earth.
2. Consumers (to buy) goods from manufacturers.
3. We (to study) economics.
4. The economist (to study) consumers' behaviour in service markets.
5. The plant (to process) agricultural products, it (to manufacture) machines.
TEXT 3
Перед работой над текстом повторите грамматические темы: Past Simple Active Voice, Present and Past Simple Passive Voice.
Прочитайте и переведите текст, выпишите новые слова.
AREAS OF ECONOMICS
There are three main approaches to economics: microeconomics, macroeconomics, and development economics.
Microeconomics focuses on individual economic units. Theeconomic behaviour of either individual consumers or1 firms or industries is studied by microeconomics. The distribution of products and income among all these units is also analyzed by microeconomics. In this field of economics individuals are considered both as suppliers of labour and as consumers of goods. Firms are also studied both as suppliers of products and2 as consumers of labour and capital.
There was a long period in the 19th and early in the 20th centuries when microeconomic questions dominated in economics. In the 20th century economists’ interest in forces that affect income, employment and prices grew. They considered economy in all its relationships.
The term "macroeconomics" was first used in the 1930s. The world depression that began in 1929 required the study of such macroeconomic questions as achievement of full employment and economic growth by means of proper government policies3. This area of economics was developed by the British economist John Maynard Keynes.
The third main field of economics, that is, development economics, studies the factors of economic growth and how these factors are used by governments in order to achieve high living standards.
Пояснения к тексту
1 either... or... или... или; либо... либо...
2 both... and... и...и; как...так и
3 существительное policy «политика» в английском языке может употребляться во множественном числе для обозначения политического курса, политики, проводимой конкретным правительством, партией и т.п. На русский язык обычно переводится единственным числом.
