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Учебный год МОК Теория электрических цепей Макаров С.В.

Вопросы для самоконтроля:

1. Когда целесообразно применять для расчета цепи метод контурных токов?

2. Как следует выбирать независимые контуры в цепи для расчета по методу контурных токов?

3. Какой физический смысл имеют контурные токи и как через них выразить токи в ветвях?

4. Какими методами решают систему уравнений МКТ?

5. Когда целесообразно применять для расчета цепи метод узловых потенциалов?

Glossary

nodal analysis узловой анализ   Торапты талдау
node-voltage method метод узловых потенциалов Торапты потенциалдардың әдісі потенциалдардың әдісі
reference = datum node. узел с нулевым потенциалом Нөлдік потенциалмен түйіні
sypernode узлы с источником напряжения Кернеуден көзбен түйіндер
mesh analysis контурный анализ Контурлы талдау
loop = mesh current ток в контуре Тоқ нобайда
independent loop независимый контур Тәуелсіз нобай
sypermesh контуры с общим источником тока Тоқтан ортақ көзбен нобайлар
KCL закон Кирхгофа для токов  
KVL закон Кирхгофа для напряжений  
voltage diagram потенциальная диаграмма Потенциалдық диаграмма

Задание на СРС: 1. сделать адаптированный перевод на русский язык:

Methods of Analysis

Having understood the fundamental laws of circuit theory (Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s laws), we are now prepared to apply these laws to develop two powerful techniques for circuit analysis: nodal analysis, which is based on a systematic application of Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL), and mesh analysis, which is based on a systematic application of Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL).

Nodal analysis is also known as the node-voltage method.

Nodal analysis provides a general procedure for analyzing circuits using node voltages as the circuit variables. Choosing node voltages instead of element voltages as circuit variables is convenient and reduces the number of equations one must solve simultaneously. To simplify matters, we shall assume in this section that circuits do not contain voltage sources. In nodal analysis, we are interested in finding the node voltages. Given a circuit with n nodes without voltage sources, the nodal analysis of the circuit involves taking the following three steps.

Steps to Determine Node Voltages:

1. Select a node as the reference node. Assign voltages to the remaining nodes. The voltages are referenced with respect to the reference node.

2. Apply KCL to each of the nonreference nodes. Use Ohm’s law to express the branch currents in terms of node voltages.

3. Solve the resulting simultaneous equations to obtain the unknown node voltages.

Mesh analysis provides a general procedure for analyzing circuits, using mesh currents as the circuit variables. Using mesh currents instead of element currents as circuit variables is convenient and reduces the number of equations that must be solved simultaneously. Recall that a loop is a closed path with no node passed more than once. A mesh is a loop that does not contain any other loop within it.

Nodal analysis applies KCL to find unknown voltages in a given circuit, while mesh analysis applies KVL to find unknown currents.

Mesh analysis is not quite as general as nodal analysis because it is only applicable to a circuit that is planar. A planar circuit is one that can be drawn in a plane with no branches crossing one another; otherwise it is nonplanar. A circuit may have crossing branches and still be planar if it can be redrawn such that it has no crossing branches.


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