Which of the following correctly defines a mental set?

1 2

Test «Psychology»

Option 1

The primary subject matter of psychologyis

a. the soul of man

b. the philosophical concept of the psyche

c. the conscious mind

d. the unconscious mind

e. the behavior of organisms

2.Which one of the following is not a goal of scientific psychology?

a. To control behaviour

b. To explain behaviour

c. To predict behaviour

d. To abstract behaviour

e. To understand behaviour

What characterizes a school of psychology?

a. Its physiological research

b. Its stand on Gestalt psychology

c. Its orientation toward psychoanalysis

d. Its view point and assumptions

e. Its behavioural research

Functionalism, associated with William James, is particularly interested in

a. the structure of consciousness

b. introspection

c. how the mind works

d. developmental psychology

e. how man understand different situations

Which one of the following is correctly associated with the German word Gestalt?

a. Neuron

b. Organized whole

c. Physiological psychology

d. Repression

e. Id, ego, super ego

What school of psychology indicates that it is important to study behaviour itself, not the mind or consciousness?

a. Behaviourism

b. Structuralism

c. Psychoanalysis

d. Functionalism

e. Gestalt psychology

The principal assumption of psychoanalysis is that

a. human beings do not have an unconscious mental life

b. habits determine behaviour

c. human beings have an unconscious mental life

d. all motives are inborn

e. Id, ego, super ego

The cognitive viewpoint stresses the importance of

a. Thinking

b. learning

c. motivation

d. biological drives

e. abilities

What viewpoint stresses the importance of the activity of the brain and nervous system?

a. The biological viewpoint

b. The psycho dynamic viewpoint

c. The learning viewpoint

d. The humanistic viewpoint

e. The psychoanalytic viewpoint

Psychotherapy is a work activity associated with what field of psychology?

a. Clinical psychology

b. Experimental psychology

c. Developmental psychology

d. Physiological psychology

e. School psychology

The point of view that knowledge is acquired by using the senses is called

a. rationalism

b. behaviourism

c. voluntarism

d. empiricism

e. criticism

12 Which one of the following is not a step associated with the scientific method?

a. To draw conclusions

b. Form a hypothesis

c. Gather data

d. Accept or reject the hypothesis

e. Reject all operational definitions

Naturalistic observation requires a researcher to study behaviour

a. using two independent ariables

b. in animals only

c. as it is happening in its own setting

d. by making sure the subjects know they are beingob served

e. in stress only

A populations

a. defined by its bias

b. a subset of as ample

c. a very large sample

d. a well-defined group

e. undefined group

Fill in the gap. People have always tried to explain and predict thoughts and __________of others.

a. actions

b. hypotheses

c. ideas

d. study

e. exploring

Fill in the gap. People often _______the ideas and hypotheses of famous psychologists.

a. appreciate

b. debate

c. accumulate

d. reflect upon

e. know

The size of the right foot can usually be used to predict the size of the leftfoot.This is an example of a

a. negative of covariance

b. zero correlation

c. negative correlation

d. lack of covariance

e. positive correlation

In an experiment, the control group

a. receives a novel treatment

b. is expected to provide particularly interesting data

c. receives no treatment

d. is the error variance group

e. controls the experimental group

The variable that is assigned to the subjects by the experimenter is called

a. the independent variable

b. the dependent variable

c. the organism variable

d. the congruent variable

e. the scientific variable

Sensation refers to

a. meaningful knowledge

b. thinking and concept formation

c. organized experience

d. the raw data of experience

e. organized knowledge

The four basic taste sensations are

a. sweet, salty, bitter, and hot

b. sweet, bitter, burned, and salty

c. sour, acid, sweet, and mint

d. sweet, salty, bitter, and sour

e. sweet, salty, bitter, and cold

22 One of the following is not a skin sense.

a. Incongruent pleasure

b. Light touch

c. Deep touch

d. Temperature

e. stroking

The receptor organ that makes smell possible is called the

a. olfactory epithelium

b. vestibular membrane

c. odor membrane

d. synaptic epithelium

e. vestibular membrane

24 What sense makes it possible for you to touch the tip of your nose with your eyes closed?

a. The cardiovascular sense

b. The vestibular sense

c. Kinaesthesia

d. Synthesis

e. willpower

The vestibular sense lets you know when

a. a signal is present

b. a figure is perceived against aground

c. you are walking upright

d. you have a subliminal perception

e. you are hungry

26 According to Koffka, the actual world ―out there, the world as defined by physics is

a. the family

b. the phenomenal world

c. the geographical world

d. the psychological world

e. the subjective world

27 One of the following is not a Gestalt law.

a. Proximity

b. Similarity

c. The cognitive hypothesis

d. Closure

e. The figure and background

An illusionist

a. an individual perception

b. a false belief

c. a kind of hallucination

d. a false perception

e. the same thing as adelusion

The process of thinking about thinking is called

a. symbolic production

b. functional reflection

c. met thought

d. cognitive existentialism

e. psychological reflection

What kind of a concept strings together perceived attributes?

a. a conjunctive concept

b. a relational concept

c. a disjunctive concept

d. an iconic concept

e. a cognitive existentialism

Test «Psychology»

Option 2

Step-by-step instructions for operating a microwave oven provide an example of

a. a heuristic approach