2018-02-14
1003
PLACES OF INTEREST IN GREAT BRITAIN
SPEECH PATTERNS
You should spend a holiday in the Highlands. Вам следует (необходимо) провести отпуск на севере Шотландии.
I hope you had a good time in London. Надеюсь, вы хорошо провели время в Лондоне.
Would you care to look round the Houses of Parliament? Не хотели бы вы осмотреть здание Парламента?
I’d love to. Thank you very much for the invitation. С удовольствием. Большое спасибо за приглашение.
Does it suit you? – Yes, it suits me perfectly. Вас это устраивает? – Да, вполне устраивает.
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to St. Paul’s Cathedral?Извините, не могли бы вы сказать мне как пройти к собору Святого Павла?
Is it very far? Это очень далеко?
It’ll take about 15 minutes or so to get there. Потребуется около 15 минут, чтобы добраться туда.
What is this building famous for? Чем это здание известно (знаменито)?
No distance at all. Совсем рядом.
It’s only a few minutes’ walk. В нескольких минутах ходьбы
Take the second on the left. Второй поворот налево.
Exercise. Complete the open dialogue.
- A. …, madam, is this the right way to Covent Garden?
B. Yes, it is.
A.…
B. …
2. A. Would you care to go for a walk?
B. …
3. A. Can I call on you at 6 o’clock? Does it suit you?
B. …
4. A. In summer I went to Great Britain.
B. …
5. A. Is it far from here?
B. …
VOCABULARY
Nouns and phrases with them
1. a great number of - много
2. access – доступ
3. aircraft design and construction – проектирование и строительство самолетов
4. ancient centre – древняя часть города
5. at the junction – в месте слияний
6. bugle – рожок
7. bunch of keys – связка ключей
8. burial place – место погребения
9. business center – деловая часть города
10. county - графство
11. crowning place – место коронации
12. double-decker – двухэтажный автобус
13. employee – рабочий, служащий
14. exception - исключение
15. extension – протяженность
16. guardhouse – караульное помещение
17. in commemoration of – в память о чем-либо
18. in keeping with tradition – согласно традиции
19. lantern - фонарь
20. maneuver – маневр
21. mansion – большой особняк
22. Metropolis – столица, Лондон
23. mileage – протяженность в милях
24. must (here - a must) - то, что необходимо увидеть
25. pageant – зрелище, шествие
26. pedestrian - пешеход
27. prison - тюрьма
28. public meeting – публичный митинг (собрание)
29. residential area – жилые кварталы
30. retail shops – магазины, продающие в розницу
31. royal residence – королевская резиденция
32. rush hour – час пик
33. sentry – часовой, караул
34. sightseer – экскурсант, турист
35. squad – команда, группа, отряд
36. steady job – постоянная работа
37. thoroughfare – оживленная улица, транспортная магистраль
38. trust – трест, концерн
39. warder – часовой, сторож, привратник
Verbs
1. approach – подходить, приближаться
2. be situated – располагаться, находиться
3. boast – гордиться, хвастать
4. bury - хоронить
5. centre – концентрировать(ся), сосредоточивать(ся)
6. challenge – окликать, спрашивать пропуск, пароль
7. desert – бросать, оставлять, покидать
8. design - проектировать
9. drain – осушать (почву)
10. escort – сопровождать, эскортировать
11. face – быть обращенным к …
12. flourish – процветать, преуспевать
13. flow into - впадать
14. get accustomed – привыкнуть к чему-либо
15. grow out – возникнуть из чего-либо
16. guard – охранять, караулить, защищать
17. identify – опознавать
18. keep to the left – держаться левой стороны
19. lock up – запирать на замок
20. retain – сохранять
21. rival – соперничать, конкурировать
22. run into one another – сталкиваться друг с другом
23. serve as – служить для чего-либо (в качестве чего-либо)
24. steam toward – двигаться по направлению к…
25. surmount - увенчивать
Adjectives
1. best stocked – наилучшим образом укомплектована (книгами)
2. flour-milling – мукомольный
3. formidable – значительный
4. incredible - невероятный
5. marshy – болотистый
6. second to none – непревзойденный
7. significant – знаменательный, важный
8. test (matches) – зд. международные (соревнования)
9. unimpressive – невпечатляющий, невыразительный
10. urban - городской
Adverbs
virtually – фактически, в сущности
Proper Names
London [lΛndən]
Great Britain [greit ‘britən]
The Thames [temz]
The North Sea [no:q]
The Tower [tauə]
London Bridge [bridƷ]
St. Paul’s Cathedral [po:lz]
Hyde Park [haid]
Speakers’ Corner [‘spi:kəz ‘ko:nə]
Oxford Street [‘oksfəd]
The Houses of Parliament [‘pa:ləmənt]
Parliament Square [skwεə]
West End
East End
Westminster Abbey [‘westminstə ‘æbi]
The Victoria Tower [vik’to:riə]
The Bloody Tower [‘blΛdi]
Queen Elizabeth [kwi:n I’lizəbəθ]
Trafalgar Square [trə’fælgə]
Lord Mayor [lo:d mεə]
Covent Garden [‚kovənt ga:dn]
Bristol [bristl]
Devon [devn]
Cornwall [‘ko:nwəl]
Somerset [‘sΛməsit]
The Avon [‘eivən]
Gascony [‘gæskəni]
Portugal [‘po:tjugəl]
Birmingham [‘bə:miŋəm]
Edinburgh [‘ednbərə]
Cardiff [‘ka:dif]
PHONETIC EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Pronounce the words correctly. Pay attention to the way of pronunciation of the stressed vowels and consonants.
[Λ] London, one, cultural, once, trust, underground, run, among, lovely, public, thoroughfare, bus, double, countryside, industrial, country, junction, such, construction, number
[ə:] commercial, world, serve, desert, church, work, urban, early, university
[a:] largest, guard, architect, parties, park, far, heart, art, example, market
[ei] major, later, ancient, renaissance, great, face, famous, paper-making, greatest, remained, place
[iə] museum, theatre
[i:] feel, teaching, leave, Queen, speech, key, proceed, cathedral, equally, easily, scheme, free, team
[o:] taught, Lords, escort (v), warder, corner, quarter, more, restored, sport, course
[ou] spoken, opening, throne, approach, over, stroke, poet, motorway, road, postwar, local, most
[ai] surprise, find, time, sightseer, side, night, Whitehall, Prime, exciting, finest, library, private, provide
[aiə]var ie ty
[Eə] airport, square, Mayor, dairy, aircraft, area
[ æ] traffic, abbey, lantern, Trafalgar, statue, narrow, pageant, massive, gallery, magnet, canal
[au] county, town, flour, founded, now
[i] business, buildings, inner, ring, facilities, indoor, municipal
Exercise 2. Pronounce the words paying attention to the way of pronunciation of the consonants.
[∫] mansion, residential, shop, commercial, English, Englishmen, demonstration, permission, function, schedule, rush
[dƷ] major, general, passenger, pageant, Ages, challenge, geographical
[k] monarch, clock, lock, commemoration, victory
LEXICAL EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Identify the part of speech in each column, translate into Russian.
traveller exception actually facing geographical
sightseer commemoration practically leading ceremonial
warder demonstration mainly touching cultural
stranger permission undoubtedly confusing unimpressive
Exercise 2. Translate into Russian, paying attention to the suffixes of the words
Industry – industrial, commerce – commercial, culture – cultural, design – to design – to be designed – designer, beauty – beautiful, resident – residential, to work – work – worker, architect – architecture – architectural, to travel – traveller, to build – to be built – builder, to enter – entry, luxury - luxurious
Exercise 3. A) Make up the pairs of synonyms.
Old, to be concentrated, to go, metro, empty, cathedral, nice, constant
Steady, to travel, ancient, underground, to be centered, deserted, lovely, church
B) Make up the pairs of antonyms.
Left, famous, wealthy, various, residential area, narrow, slow, ancient
Unknown, modern, right, industrial area, poor, fast, wide, the same
Text 1
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text.
LONDON AND ITS PLACES OF INTEREST
London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is a big port and a major industrial, commercial and cultural centre. London stands on the river Thames which flows into the North Sea. For centuries entry to London from the sea was guarded by the Tower fortress. The Tower was built 9 centuries ago. It once served as a royal residence and later as a prison. Now it is a museum. London grew out of the ancient centre known as the City. The City is London’s business centre. Banks, offices, and trusts are centred there. Employees and businessmen steam toward the City in the morning. They travel by motorbuses, on bicycles or by the underground. The road to the City runs across London Bridge. By 6 o’clock in the evening this part of the city is almost deserted. The streets in the City are narrow and the traffic is very slow. One of the most interesting monuments in the City is St. Paul’s Cathedral. It is the finest Renaissance church in Europe. All other English churches are mostly medieval Gothic. The Cathedral was designed by the great English architect Sir Christopher Wren after the Great Fire of 1666. It took him 35 years, and when he was an old man of 90, he was carried here once a year so that he could see his beautiful work. Inside there is a great number of monuments to generals and admirals. Admiral Nelson and Duke of Wellington are buried there among other great Englishmen.
The West End is the most pleasant residential area of London. There are lovely parks in the West End, among them one of the most popular is Hyde Park with its Speakers’ Corner where speakers from various political parties often hold public meetings. There are also luxurious mansions and elegant shops and restaurants as well as theatres, museums and hotels. Oxford street is one of the busiest thoroughfares in the West End.
While the West End is a residential district of the wealthy, the East End is the place where chiefly industrial and dock workers live. In the East End there are no magnificent parks and mansions and far from all the men here have a steady job.
London is very different, it has many faces. There is a lot of traffic in the streets of London: endless lines of buses, motor cars and taxis. Most of London buses are the famous red double-deckers that have two decks for passengers. Bright-red, they look very nice in the grey streets of London. There are also green one-storeyed buses, they run from London to the countryside. In London as everywhere in Great Britain, the traffic keeps to the left.
Exercise 2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following.
One of the largest cities, which flows into the North Sea, London’s business centre, runs across London Bridge, one of the most interesting monuments, the great English architect, after the Great Fire of 1666, it took him 35 years, a great number of monuments, luxurious mansions, elegant shops and restaurants, one of the busiest thoroughfares, magnificent parks and mansions, famous red double-deckers, green one-storeyed buses, the traffic keeps to the left.
Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words given below.
1. London is a big … and the … of Great Britain.
2. London is situated on … which… into the North Sea.
3. The Tower fortress which was built nine centuries ago now serves as a ….
4. The City, the ancient centre of London, now is its ….
5. St. Paul’s Cathedral is one of the most interesting … in the City.
6. There are many monuments to … inside the Cathedral.
7. The West End is a residential district with lovely …., luxurious …, elegant …, theatres, museums and hotels.
8. Industrial and dock workers live in ….
The East End, the river Thames, generals and admirals, port, shops, capital, flows, business centre, museum, mansions, parks, monuments.
Exercise 4. Open the brackets, using the right Voice-Tense form of the verbs.
1. Long ago London from the sea (to guard) by the Tower fortress.
2. London (to develop) out of the ancient centre known as the City.
3. Employees and businessmen (to travel) to the City by motorbuses, on bicycles or by the underground.
4. St. Paul’s Cathedral (to design) by the great English architect Sir Christopher Wren.
5. Many famous people (to bury) inside the Cathedral.
6. There (to be) magnificent parks and luxurious mansions in the West End.
7. London (to be) famous for its red double-deckers with two decks for passengers.
Exercise 5. Answer the questions.
1. What is the capital of Great Britain?
2. What is its geographical situation?
3. Which is the oldest district of London? What can you say about its appearance?
4. Are there any contrasts in the appearance of the capital?
5. What kind of buses is London famous for?
Exercise 6. Develop the idea.
1. The City is London’s business centre.
2. The City is London’s ancient centre.
3. The West End is a residential district of the wealthy.
4. The East End is a residential district of the poor.
Text 2
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text.
VISIT TO LONDON
A visit to London is full of surprises. For example, traffic keeps to the left, so the Muscovite always finds himself running in the wrong direction. It takes time to get accustomed to this change.
Some of the ‘musts’ for the sightseer are the Houses of Parliament, facing the Thames, on one side, and Parliament Square and Westminster Abbey, on the other. The House of Commons sits to the side of the Clock Tower (Big Ben), the House of Lords – to the Victoria Tower side. Members of one House may not enter the other. The exception is the day of the State Opening of Parliament when the Queen makes the Throne Speech in the House of Lords.
A pageant retained from the Middle Ages is the Ceremony of the Keys or locking up of the Tower for the night. The Headwarder comes out with a bunch of keys and an old lantern, proceeds to the guardhouse and cries “Escort for the Keys!” A squad of four follows to escort the Queen’s keys. The Towers are locked one after the other. When the warder and the escort approach the Bloody Tower they are challenged by the sentry, who stamps with his heavy boots and shouts “Halt! Who comes there?” “The Keys,” answers the Headwarder. “Whose Keys?” demands the sentry. “Queen Elizabeth’s Keys.” “Advance, Queen Elizabeth’s Keys. All’s well.” Soon the ceremony is over and at the stroke of ten the bugle sounds the “Last Post”.
Westminster Abbey is the crowning and burial place of British monarchs. It has its world famed Poets’ Corner with memorials to Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton, The Bronte sisters, Browning, Tennyson, Longfellow, Wordsworth, Burns, Dickens, Thackeray, Rudyard Kipling and other leading writers. Only a few however, are actually buried here.
Here too there is that touching symbol of a nation’s grief, the Grave of the Unknown Warrior.
Whitehall is the street of Britain’s Ministries. It runs between Parliament Square and Trafalgar Square. Branching off Whitehall is a small unimpressive street that no one would give a second look if not for the fact that the Prime Minister has his official residence there at number 10 Downing Street.
Trafalgar Square is so named in commemoration of Nelson’s great victory at Trafalgar. In the middle stands the famous Nelson Column surmounted by the statue of Nelson 170 feet high so as to allow him a view of the sea. The column stands in the geographical centre of the city. It is one of the best open air platforms for public meetings and demonstrations.
The City which is the centre of Britain’s banks and monopolies, occupies only a small part of the Metropolis. Over a million people enter the City in the daytime on business. At night it is practically deserted. In keeping with tradition no reigning monarch may enter the City without the permission of the Lord Mayor, whose functions are mainly ceremonial nowadays.
Londoners usually either take the tube or the double-decker. At times it seems incredible that these huge double deckers should be able to maneuver through the narrow streets without running into one another or the pedestrians.
Only one quarter of the mileage of the Underground is actually underground. The rest is on the surface. To the stranger, and even to many Londoners, the tube network is most confusing. Even with a map it is difficult to navigate. Trains do not have any fixed schedule as they do in Moscow for instance. During rush hours big crowds gather.
London is a big cultural centre. There are many theatres, among them Covent Garden, Drury Lane, etc. But tickets are very expensive. Cinema seats are much cheaper. Although London is a city of monuments, history and tradition, its people are undoubtedly the most interesting feature.
Exercise 2. Find the English equivalents in the text.
Движение левостороннее; требуется время, чтобы привыкнуть; тронная речь в палате лордов; шествие, пришедшее из средних веков; место коронации и погребения британских монархов; всемирно известный «Уголок поэтов»; могила неизвестного солдата; маленькая невпечатляющая улица; официальная резиденция; в память о великой победе Нельсона; центр британских банков и монополий; днем; ночью; в соответствии с традицией; без разрешения Лорда Мэра; метро; двухэтажный автобус; протяженность метро в милях; трудно найти дорогу во время часов пик; самая интересная черта.
Exercise 3. What is it?
1. an inhabitant of Moscow
2. a place worth seeing
3. a person going sightseeing
4. public celebration in which there is a procession of people in costumes
5. a place where the British monarchs are crowned
6. a place where the British monarchs are buried
7. the chief city of a country, capital
8. inhabitants of London
9. a person walking along a street
10. a net of tube routes
11. a timetable for work
the tube network, schedule, a “must”, the crowning place, Metropolis, a sightseer, a Muscovite, Londoners, pageant, a pedestrian, the burial place
Exercise 4. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions where it is necessary.
1) You should remember that in London traffic keeps … the left.
2) Locking … … the Tower is the Ceremony that came … the Middle Ages.
3) London is famous … many places of interest.
4) Nelson Column is surmounted … the statue of Nelson 170 feet high.
5) Sometimes fogs in London are so awful that cars and buses run … one another or pedestrians.
6) London is a city … monuments, history and traditions.
Exercise 5. Transform into Passive Voice.
1. The Queen makes the Throne Speech in the House of Lords.
2. A squad of four escorts the Queen’s keys.
3. The warders lock up the Towers one after another.
4. People named Trafalgar Square in commemoration of Nelson’s great victory at Trafalgar.
5. The City occupies only a small part of the Metropolis.
6. Londoners usually take the tube or the double-decker.
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences according to the text.
1. There is a surprise for a traveller in London, it is the fact that …
2. There are many places of interest in London, such as …
3. Great Britain is a country of traditions, one of them is ….
4. Westminster Abbey has its world famed Poets’ Corner with memorials to …
5. 10 Downing street is ….
6. The underground in London is confusing, because …
Exercise 7. What new facts about London have you found in the text?
Exercise 8. Make up the detailed plan of the text.
Text 3
Exercise 1. Read the text and do the exercise.
