2018-02-14
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1. An axle is the bar connecting two wheels on a car or other vehicle.
2. We all know that the curvature of railroad tracks is measured by its radius, right?
3. Most escalators in rail stations have bright contrasting paint at the edge of each step to assist people with low vision.
4. This dangerous junction could soon be closed to motorists after a series of accidents.
5. Strict environmental standards are being introduced to reduce permissible levels of air pollution.
6. During the 1970s, BHP’s Whyalla plant (India) developed technology to manufacture steel rails hardened on the top to overcome wear and tear. The top of the rail is heated to 900 degrees and then quickly cooled, creating a finer structure of crystals in the steel at the top of the rail than in the base (основание).
7. The Nissan Primastar is a stylish medium sized van offering a great combination of refinement (изящество) with practicality. It is available in two lengths and two heights allowing you to accommodate loads up to 2.8 meters long.
8. A tramroad is a roadway for trams consisting of parallel tracks made of usually metal-faced wooden beams, stone blocks, metal plates, or rails.
9. A batch (партия) of 15 will be delivered to the West Siberian Railway to replace the eight- axle VL80 freight locos that can haul 7 000 ton freight trains but which have been used for passenger traffic because no other locomotives were available.
10. When engineers design train tracks, they need to guarantee the curvature of the track will be safe and provide a comfortable ride for the given speed of the trains.
11. Flashing lights at the edge of the platforms alert passengers that a train is approaching.
12. It is necessary to install cameras at dangerous road junctions to film those who drive through red traffic lights.
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13. The upper permissible speed limits on motorways in the countries of the European Union are: the UK - 96 mph, Germany - 80mph, Spain - 90 mph, etc.
14. Warehouses must be designed to accommodate the loads of the materials to be stored.
15. A tramroad is a road prepared for easy transit of wagons; smooth beams of wood, blocks of stone, or plates of iron are used to build a tramroad.
Ex. 3. Match the English terms in column A with their Russian equivalents in column B.
| A | B |
| 1. dual gauge | a) на протяжении 19-го века |
| 2. throughout the 19th century | b) участок дороги |
| 3. arguments in favor of … | c) двойная колея |
| 4. the price of railroad stocks | d) руководство |
| 5. authorities | e) соседние страны |
| 6. neighboring countries | f) цена акций железной дороги |
| 7. stretch of the track | g) доводы в пользу … |
Ex.4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
1. A dual-gauge railway has railway track that allows trains of different gauges to use the same track.
2. We are open every weekend throughout the year.
3. I asked the students to give me their best arguments in favor of learning foreign languages, and these are the results.
4. Regardless (независимо) of how railroads perform in the short-term, railroad stocks are great for long-term investment.
5. Railroad authorities are now offering a reward for information leading to an arrest of a person who has damaged the track switch.
6. Considerable concern focused on the effect the hurricane would have on neighboring countries.
7. The accidents (with elephants) usually occur over a distance of 20 km on the Kerala stretch of the track up to Walayar. Elephants that see trains approaching them while on this stretch cannot return to the forest, and are forced to run along the track itself, with disastrous consequences.
8. Generally, a dual-gauge railway consists of three rails, rather than the standard two rails.
9. Stories of love and adventure were popular throughout the Middle Ages.
10. Former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi had argued in parliament in favor of a constitutional reform government.
11. Railroad stocks are closely tied to the overall economy. During the financial crisis they suffered considerable drops in revenue (доход).
Ex. 5. Copy and memorize the following wordsand phrases.
ü measurement - измерение; единица измерения
ü to inherit - наследовать; унаследовать; быть, стать наследником
ü lack - недостаток, отсутствие
ü compatible - совместимый; сочетаемый
Translate the following sentences into Russian.
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1. There are two main sources of measurement error which reduce reliability.
2. Chapters 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 give a good overview of the measurement techniques available today.
3. She had her father’s pale blue eyes but her long black hair and honey complexion had been inherited from her mother.
4. Communications difficulties caused a complete lack of coordination of efforts.
5. The bi-monthly scholarly journal, founded in Los Angeles in 1973, suspended (приостановил) publication in 1978 due to lack of funds.
6. Unfortunately he bought a printer that was not compatible with his computer.
Ex.6.Translate the sentences paying attention to the construction under+noun.
1. I wish I’d met him under different circumstances.
2. The system operates well under normal conditions.
3. Under the terms of the agreement, the debt will be repaid over a 20-year period.
4. By daylight the fire was almost under control.
5. I’m glad to see that you have everything under control.
6. The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion.
7. Four new power stations are currently under construction.
8. Some of the changes under discussion had already been implemented elsewhere.
9. The operation was carried out while she was under general anesthetics.
10. If you have comment on the project currently under consideration, you may transmit those comments to administration by sending a message to the following e-mail address…
