II. Speaking Exercises

Exercise 1. Describe intake valve; camshaft; rpm; cylinder; horsepower using the suggested words and expressionsas in example:

intake valve metal; a rod; a flat disc; intake passage; cylinder head example:Intake valveisa metal valve that looks like a rod connected to a flat disc that opens/closes the intake passage in the cylinder head.

camshaft inside an engine; lobes; engine's valves; "pushrod" engines; cam lobes; the up and down motion; rocker arms; to actuate the valves

rpm abbreviation; revolutions; per; minute; engine speed; expressed as;

cylinder a chamber; within; piston; to move

Horsepower a unit of measure; power output; James Watt; a horse; the amount of effort; in one minute; after internal friction

Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:

1) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: OHV means OverHead Valve - an engine design where the camshaft is installed inside the engine block.

2) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: OHV engine is also known as "Pushrod" engine.

3) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: OHC in general means OverHead Cam while SOHC means Single OverHead Cam.

4) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: Double OverHead Cam engine can "breath" better meaning that it can produce more horsepowers with smaller engine volume.

III. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the suggested words: per; at; with; to; in; by;

In the SOHC engine the camshaft is installed ____the cylinder head and valves are operated either _____ the rocker arms or directly through the lifters (as in the picture). The advantage is that valves are operated almost directly by the camshaft - easy to achieve the perfect timing ____ high rpm. Also it's possible ____ install three or four valves ____ cylinder. The disadvantage - an OHC engine requires a timing belt or chain ____ related components - more complex and more expensive design.

Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words and expressions from the text:

	parts	ability	place
Example: OHV means	OverHead Valve	-	-
the camshaft is installed
OHC in general means
DOHC engine can
it's possible to install multiple valves