II. Speaking Exercises

Exercise 1. Describe air filter; driveshaft; differential gear; axle; shock absorber; steering using the suggested words and expressionsas in example:

air filter dirty air; cellulose fibers; is located in; is attached to; carburetor. example: The air filter is used to keep dirty air from entering the engine. The filter element is typically resin impregnated cellulose fibers (paper) with a mixture of synthetic fibers. The filter is located in a housing that is attached to the throttle body, or in a housing that sits atop the carburetor.

driveshaft transmits; engine torque; the differential; drive wheels.

differential gear gear box; the axles; to rotate at different speeds; power to the wheel; prevent wheel spin; high performance.

axle a crossbeam; the weight of the vehicle; is connected to; the spindles; pins.

shock absorber the suspension; to dampen up-and-down; wheel motions; bumps; chassis movement.

steering general term; the angular relationships; the wheels; linkage; suspension.

Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:

1) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: The major systems of the automobile are the power plant, the power train, the running gear, and the control system.

2) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: The power plant includes the engine, fuel, electrical, exhaust, lubrication, and coolant systems.

3) Question: ___________________________________________?

Answer: The engine produces mechanical power that is transmitted to the automobile’s wheels through a drivetrain.

III. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the suggested words:

by; support; starts; as; over.

Wheels and tires ________the vehicle on the roadway and, when rotated ____ powered axles, propel the vehicle forward or backward. Steering and braking systems provide control ____ direction and speed. An electrical system _______ and operates the engine, monitors and controls many aspects of the vehicle’s operation, and powers such components _____ headlights and radios.

Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words and expressions from the text:

	parts	systems	processes
Example: engine produces	-	-	mechanical power that is transmitted to the automobile’s wheels
power plant includes
power train includes
suspensionsystems include