Treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Doctors generally recommend lifestyle changes like losing weight, exercising and eating a healthy diet even when cardiovascular diseases have already developed as a way of restoring normal health. However, drugs or surgery may also be used to relieve symptoms of the diseases or to prevent strokes or heart attacks. Here is a list of the most common treatments.

 

Lower cholesterol - Treatment for high cholesterol with statins, such as Lipitor, is aimed at reducing the blood level of LDL cholesterol, a Low Density Lipoprotein which tends to form plaques in the blood vessels that restrict blood flow.

Blood pressure medication - High blood pressure is usually treated with diuretics to increase urination which reduces sodium and fluid in the body, or with Beta blockers that lower blood pressure by acting directly on the heart.

Prevent blood clots - For patients with risk of stroke, doctors may prescribe blood thinners such as heparin or warfarin. These medications slow the time it takes for blood to clot and prevent clots from growing.

Angioplasty - Localized obstructions in arteries or veins caused by atherosclerosis are treated with angioplasty, which is a procedure to insert a stent to widen the blood vessel and improve blood flow.

Coronary artery bypass grafting - Bypass surgery is used when several blood vessels around the heart are too narrow. This is the most aggressive kind of treatment, and it is used when the threat of death from a heart attack is imminent.

6. Промежуточная аттестация. (Зачет/1)

Осуществляется по окончании 1-го семестра и проводится в форме АСТ

Примеры заданий
1. Назовите правильный перевод предложения:

Существует одна новая теория.

1. It is a new theory.

2. This theory is new.

3. There is a new theory.

4. There is a new theory there.

2. Укажите соответствия:

L1: is preventing

L2: prevented

L3: was prevented

L4: will prevent

R1: Present Continuous Active

R2: Past Simple Active

R3: Past Simple Passive

R4:Future Simple Active

R5: Future Continuous Active

3 Назовите правильный перевод предложения:

Сейчас они оценивают результаты эксперимента.

1. Now they estimate the results of the experiment.

2. Now they have estimated the results of the experiment.

3. Now they are estimated the results of the experiment.

4. They are estimating the results of the experiment.

4. Закончите предложение:

The patient … for the heart disease.

1. treated

2. was treating

3. has treated

4. was treated

 

5. Ответьте на вопрос:

 Who developed the practice of acupuncture?

1. the Egyptians

2.  the Romans

3. the Chinese

4. the Indians

 

6. Слово, которое не является анатомическим термином…

1.vascular

2. ventricle

3.mediastinum

4. female

 

7. Найдите соответствия:

L1: rib

L2: vessel

L3: chest

L4: lung

R1: costal

R2: vascular

R3: thoracic

R4: pulmonary

R5: lingual

7. Промежуточная аттестация. (Зачет/2)

Осуществляется по окончании 2-го семестра и проводится в форме АСТ

Примеры заданий

1. Закончите предложение.

My friend … a therapeutist.

1. will not be

2. not will be

3. will be not

4. will be no

2. Закончите предложение.

There … some students in the laboratory now.

1. are

2. will be

3. were

4. is

3. В этом отделении работают опытные врачи.

1.  At this department work experienced doctors.

2.  Experienced doctors work at this department.

3.  At this department doctors experienced work.

4.  Experienced doctors at this department work.

4 Укажите предложение, где глагол to have имеет модальное значение…

1. The nurse has just taken the patient’s temperature..

2.  Nurses have to look after their patients..

3.  Nurses usually have much work to do..

4. The nurse has a day off.

5.  Укажите предложение, где глагол to have является вспомогательным

1. The operation has been performed successfully.

2. The students have to answer many questions.

3. The scientist has very interesting results of his experiment..

4.The patient had to gibe up smoking.

6. Глаголом является слово …

1. performing

2. summarize

3. agreement

4. painless

 

III. Промежуточная аттестация (Зачет/3)

Осуществляется в конце 3 семестра в форме зачета и включает два этапа:

1 этап - итоговое тестирование АСТ

2 этап – устный этап зачета