Approved at faculty meeting

Ministry of education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan

West Kazakhstan State University named M.Utemisov

Natural-geography faculty

Department of Biology and ecology

Cipher, specialty 5B011300 – “Biology”

The subject “Molecular biology”

Transcription and Translation

Practice test

1. For the given phrase, choose the type of molecule that is most closely associated with the phrase. contains the hereditary information passed on from generation to generation in humans

A.  DNA, only

B. messenger RNA, only

C. transfer RNA, only

D. messenger and transfer RNA, only

E. B and C

F. C and A

G. D and A

H. C and D

2. Examples of polymers which contain repeating units known as nucleotides are

A.  DNA and RNA

B. hemoglobin and maltase

C. fats and oils

D. starch and glycogen

E. B and C

F. C and A

G. D and A

H. C and D

Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following:

The diagrams below represent nucleotides.

3. Which pair of nucleotides can be held together by weak hydrogen bonds?

A. 2 and 3

B. 1 and 3

C. 4 and 2

D.  3 and 4

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

4. Which structure pairs with the adenine nucleotide during the formation of messenger RNA?

A. 1

B.  2

C. 3

D. 4

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and D

H. D and A

Questions 5 through 7 refer to the following:

5. If the diagram represents a part of the process of protein synthesis, strand A would

A. pick up and transfer nucleic acids to the nucleus

B. pick up and transfer specific amino acids to the cytoplasm

C.  serve as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA

D. carry a code determined by the original DNA molecule from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

6. If strand A represents a portion of a DNA molecule, its complementary sequence of nitrogenous bases on messenger RNA would normally be

A. T-C-TT-A-G-T-C-T

B. U-G-U-A-G-U-C-U

C. A-G-A-T-C-A-G-T

D.  A-G-A-U-C-A-G-U

E. A and B

F. B and D

G. A and C

H. B and C

7. Strand A would normally be found in the

A. Ribosome

B.  Nucleus

C. plasma membrane

D. vacuole

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

Questions 8 through 10 refer to the following:

The diagram below represents parts of two nucleic acid molecules.

8. What is the normal nitrogenous base sequence in the segment of strand y shown in the diagram?

A. T-G-U-C

B. U-G-A-C

C.  T-G-A-C

D. T-A-A-C

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. D and A

 

 

9. Molecules represented by strand Z move from the nucleus of a cell to the cytoplasmic organelles known as

A. Centrioles

B. Vacuoles

C.  Ribosomes

D. Mitochondria

E. A and D

F. A and B

G. D and B

H. B and C

10. If strand X serves as a template for the synthesis of strand Z the base sequence of that fragment of strand Z shown is

A. A-C-U-G

B.  U-G-A-C

C. A-C-T-G

D. T-G-A-C

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

11. Which nitrogenous bases tend to pair with each other in a double-stranded molecule of DNA?

A.  thymine-adenine

B. guanine-adenine

C. cytosine-thymine

D. adenine-uracil

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. C and D

12. Two types of RNA molecules are

A.  messenger RNA and transfer RNA

B. Uracil and adenine

C. Cytosine and thymin

D. Transfer RNA and translation RNA

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. C and D

13. The function of transfer RNA molecules is to

A.  transport amino acids to messenger RNA

B. provide a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA

C. synthesize more transfer RNA molecules

D. transport amino acids to DNA in the nucleus

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and B

Questions 14 through 18 refer to the following:

The diagram below represents a portion of a messenger RNA molecule associated with a ribosome.

14. The presence of which nitrogen base indicates that the molecule associated with the ribosome is RNA?

A. Adenine

B. Guanine

C. Cytosine

D.  Uracil

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and C

15. The sequence of nucleotides on the RNA molecule was determined by the

A. sequence of nucleotides on transfer RNA molecules

B. base sequence of the original messenger RNA molecule that served as a template

C.  base sequence of the original DNA molecule that served as the template

D. sequence of amino acids that will be linked together to form a polypeptide chain

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and C

 

16. The messenger RNA genetic codes for 3 different amino acids are:

U-U-U=phenylalanine

G-C-U=alanine

G-G-U =glycine

Using this information, the strip of messenger RNA shown in the illustration would result in an amino acid sequence consisting of

A.  Alanine –phenylalanine-glycine

B. Alanine-glycine-glycine

C. Phenylalanine-alanine-glycine

D. Alanine-glycine-phenylalanine

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

17. The association between the ribosome and the messenger RNA molecule occurs in the

A.  Cytoplasm

B. Nucleolus

C. Nucleus

D. Centrosome

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

18. The substance being synthesized in the cell is most likely a

A. Fat

B.  Polypeptide

C. Vitamin

D. Carbohydrate

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

Questions 19 through 22 refer to the following:

The diagram below illustrates protein synthesis.

19. In the diagram, A, C, G, and U represent

A. amino acids

B. ribosomes

C. fatty acids

D.  nitrogenous bases

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and C

20. Which structures are composed of RNA?

A. 5 and 6

B. 4 and 5

C.  1 and 2

D. 3 and 5

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

21. The process involved in the RNA formation on the DNA template is

A.  Transcription

B. Translation

C. Replication

D. Transformation

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and B

22. The enzyme required for transcription is

A. Restriction enzymes

B. DNA polymerase

C.  RNA polymerase

D. RNAase

E. A and b

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

23. Transcription is the transfer of genetic information from

A. DNA to RNA

B. tRNA to mRNA

C.  DNA to mRNA

D. mRNA to tRNA

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. D and A

24. RNA required for the protein synthesis

A. mRNA

B. tRNA

C. rRNA

D.  All of these

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. B and D

25. A promoter site on DNA

A.  Initiates transcription

B. Regulates termination

C. Codes for RNA.

D. Transcribes repressor

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

26. Sigma factor is component of

A. DNA ligase

B. DNA polymerase

C.  RNA polymerase

D. Endonuclease

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

27. What is the main function of tRNA in relation to protein synthesis?

A. Inhibits protein synthesis

B. Proof reading

C.  Identifies amino acids and transport them to ribosomes

D. all of these

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. D and A

28. RNA polymerase (Ochoa 1953) has polypeptide chains

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D.  5

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. D and A

29. Which site of tRNA molecule hydrogen bonds to a mRNA molecule?

A. Codon

B.  Anticodon

C. 5 ends of the tRNA molecule

D. 3 ends of the tRNA molecule

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. A and C

H. D and A

30. The DNA chain acting as template for RNA synthesis has the following order of bases AGcTTcGA. What will be the order of bases in mRNA?

A. TCGAAGCT

B. UGCUAGCT

C. TCGAUCGU

D.  UCGAAGCU

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and A

H. D and A

 

Approved at faculty meeting