2020-01-14
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1. A. We may suppose the alpha particles within the nucleus to be in motion.
B. Among the particles within the nucleus, which are supposed to be in motion there, are ones called alpha particles.
C. On close examination of a nucleus we find it to be made up of particles which are in motion.
2. A. We know gases as nitrogen, helium and argon to make up as much as
26% or pitchblende.
B. He will deal with nitrogen, helium and argon – the gases known to make up as much as 26% of pitchblende.
C. Seeing the gases accumulate in the space above water, we had to stop the reaction.
3. A. We study the properties of water always believed to expand on
heating.
B. I believed water always to expand when heated, but I was wrong for its density is the greatest at four Centigrade above zero.
C. We applied heat for water to expand.
4. A. The ethyl derivative known to yield alcohol was used in the previous tests.
B. Knowing the ethyl derivative known to yield alcohol, we modified the reaction.
C. The ethyl derivative being able to yield alcohol is known to me.
5. A. According to the kinetic theory a gas is assumed to be made up of particles moving about with random motion.
B. The kinetic theory of gases assumes a gas to be made up of particles moving about with random motion.
C. Are particles making up a gas assumed to be moving about with random motion?
6. A. Hydrogen and oxygen being allowed to combine, water may be synthesized.
B. We may synthesize water by allowing hydrogen and oxygen to combine, which they do very rapidly.
C. Being allowed to synthesize water we had to combine oxygen and hydrogen.
Упражнение 3.8 Определите предложения, содержащие инфинитив в функции определения.
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1. A. Of all the known polymers to be considered in our report we have taken epoxyresin laminates which may be used at high temperatures.
B. Let us assume the atomic weights to be integral.
C. Recent research has shown the nucleus to be an exceedingly complex structure.
2. A. The process to be treated subsequently in more detail is known as ionization.
B. Diamond is to be used to cut glass.
C. We applied heat for water to expand.
3. A. The work is not sufficiently advanced for any definite opinion to be formed.
B. The kinetic theory of gases assumes а gas to be made up of articles moving about with random motion.
C. The aim of the experiment to be carried out in the laboratory is to prove the crystalline structure of the substance under test.
4. A. The stability of the compound to be formed is to be considered.
B. As for the conclusion to be discussed we feel it our duty to confirm them once more.
C. There is no reason for the conversion of mechanical into radiated energy to be continuous.
5. A. Mercury to be added to eliminate free chlorine complicates the reaction.
B. We study the properities of water always believed to expand on heating.
C. This accounts for the fact to be dealt with in the following chapter.
6. A. There are many questions to be answered in this field of science.
B. The reason for using insulations was to decrease fuel costs.
C. We had to change the percentage to overcome the difficulties.
Упражнение 3.9 Переведите следующие группы слов и предложения (см. таблицы 1, 3 и 4)
a) is said to study (to have studied, to have been studying for two years);
is expected to lift (to be lifted); is known to recover (to have recovered);
appears to be acted upon (to have been acted upon).
b) 1. The body is known to have recovered its original shape.
2. The conditions are assumed to have been provided.
3. The substance is said to have been decomposed.
4. The scientists are expected to deal with the reverse process.
The students appear to determine the constituent elements.
Упражнение 3.10 Определите предложения, содержащие "Субъектный инфинитивный оборот" (см. таблицы 3 и 4).
Помните, что субъектный оборот опознаем по особым глаголам-индикаторам (см. таблицу 4).
1. A. The mixture was stirred to ensure homogeneity and cooled to just below the melting point.
B. The molecule is considered to be composed of more than a single structural unit.
C. Each student was instructed to report the per cent of aluminium in this sample.
2.A. This result is to be expected from the fact that the pressure in a liquid depends on the depth below the free surface.
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B. This is expected by our student to give good results.
D. Sufficient time was taken for temperature equilibrium to be established.
3. A. The substances obtained were to be used as catalysts.
B. The uranium content of rivers is thought to be of the same magnitude as that of sea water.
C. The aim of the experiment to be carried out in our laboratory is to prove crystalline structure of the substance under test.
4. A. Of all the known polymers to be considered in our report we have taken epoxyresin laminates which may be used at high temperatures.
B. Plastics considered are to be classified into groups according to their behaviour when they are heated.
C. A mixture has been assumed to contain no less than two ingredients.
Упражнение 3.11 Определите форму и функцию инфинитива в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
No.1
1. The material to be tested had interesting properties.
2. The body is known to have recovered its original form.
3. His dream is to become an engineer.
4. To prove the existence of electro-magnetic waves, Herts made many experiments.
5. This experiment is expected to be made tomorrow.
6. Our plant is to fulfil this plan as soon as possible.
No.2
1. To know a foreign language is necessary for a specialist.
2. The teacher does not consider him to be a good student.
3. To run modern machines workers must be educated.
4. The work to be completed by us is of great importance.
5. They are glad to have passed their examinations with excellent marks.
6. This device proved to be the best at the exhibition.
No.3
1. He is expected to take part in the conference.
2. The material to be tested had interesting properties.
3. To understand this problem one should read a lot.
4. He came to the laboratory to make some experiments.
5. You study at the Institute to become qualified specialists.
No.4
1. The problem to be solved was of great importance.
2. They are believed to be working at this problem.
3. To explain this law of applied mechanics one should know theory well.
4. The engineers had several problems to be solved.
5. She wanted to be answered at once.
No.5
1. The students have a lot of work to be done.
2. This method was introduced in the factory to achieve better results.
3. She is said to have been working at the problem for many years.
4. The engineer expected the work to be done in time.
5. The discovery showed the atomic nucleus to be a vast source of energy.
No.6
1. Oil is known to be one of the most important sources of energy.
2. This method was introduced in the factory to achieve better results.
3. The internal combustion engine to be used in this lorry is of a new
design.
4. The lecture was said to be very interesting.
5. To convert chemical energy into electrical one we must use an electric cell.
No.7
1. The plan of our research work will be discussed at the conference to be held next week.
2. Rubber is known to have been brought from America.
3. The molecule is considered to be composed of more than single structural unit.
4. The new apparatus was to control all the temperature changes during the experiment.
5. Our task is to obtain a new mixture with new properties.
No.8
1. Today chemists are to find new methods of inorganic polymer synthesis.
2. Mendeleyev left blank spaces in his Table for the elements to be discovered in future.
3. We assume a gas to be a number of small particles called atoms.
4. This experiment was expected to give good results.
5. We know him to have graduated from the Institute two years ago.
No.9
1. Did you want the plan to be improved?
2. This load is assumed to be applied in the next experiment.
3. The test tubes to be used for experiments must be clean.
4. To complete any experiment we must write a report.
5. Newton was the first to solve the problem of gravitation.
No.10
1. This law is stated to be discovered by Lomonosov.
2. The results to be received may vary considerably.
3. We thought him to have taken part in their experiment.
4. To launch rockets a new type of fuel was needed.
5. To use atomic energy for peaceful purposes is the task of our scientists.
No.11
1. He is said to have been here.
2. To know the quantity of energy present in a body is very important.
3. The teacher does not consider him to be a good student.
4. The internal combustion engine to be used in this lorry is of a new design.
5. To drive a car in a big city is very difficult.
No.12
1. The results to be received may vary considerably.
2. The engineers had several problems to be solved.
3. The substance is said to have been decomposed.
4. To study applied mechanics one should know mathematics.
5. The atom is a mighty force that is to be of great assistance to man.
No.13
1. This scientist is known to have been working at this problem for several years.
2. The laws of motion to be analyzed in this text are known to have been formulated by Newton.
3. To maintain quality is a function of the foreman.
4. The operator wanted his lathe to be repaired as soon as possible.
5. There were many questions to be answered in this field of science.
No.14
1. The foreman is the one who teaches or instructs how the work is to be done.
2. The design of a mechanism depends on the work to be done.
3. We had to change the percentage to overcome the difficulties.
4. The aim of our work was to develop a new method of cutting metals.
5. The members of the committee are reported to come to an agreement.
No.15
1. The lecture was said to be very interesting.
2. We know the cybernetics to be important branch of modern technology.
3. This method is not good enough to be used everywhere.
4. The valuable information to be collected by sputniks will help to improve previous results.
5. The English delegation is believed to come at the end of the month.
