2020-04-12
1268
Тема 5.1.Taking pulse and its meaning. Blood pressure and its meaning / Пульс и его значение. Артериальное давление и его значение
Level A
We learn the new words / Мы учим слова
| blood - кровь blood pressure (=BP)-артериальное давление (АД) during – в течение strengthen - укреплять disease - заболевание regular regimen – правильный режим in such a way – таким образом to take one’s pulse (blood pressure) – измерять пульс (АД) that – (союз) что; который person - человек should – следует (модальный глагол) prescribe – выписывать hypertension – гипертензия hypotension - гипотензия calm -успокаивать fatigue - усталость | beat – биться, удар heavy – тяжелый exercise – упражнение, заниматься физическими упражнениями per minute – в минуту fast – faster быстрый (учащенный)- быстрее dangerous - опасный same – такое же complain of –жаловаться на protect - защищать (take) care of – заботиться о |
We read / Мы читаем
Taking Pulse
Your heart is an organ that works during every minute of your life. You can help it work long and well. You can strengthen, protect it from diseases by exercising and having a regular regimen.
Take your pulse and in such a way you can control the work of your heart. Our pulse is about 70 beats per minute. After heavy exercises the heart works faster, and then the pulse will be faster, too, perhaps 100 beats. In a minute or two the pulse will be normal again.
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Today a nurse can take a patient’s blood pressure and pulse.
Say it in English / Скажите это по-английски:
1. укреплять сердце 2. защищать сердце 3. контролировать работу сердца 4.семьдесят ударов в минуту 5. пульс будет учащенным 6. пульс будет нормальным 7. орган, который работает
In pairs, discuss the following questions / В парах обсудите следующие вопросы:
1) How can a person strengthen his/her heart?
2) Can you take a patient’s pulse?
3) What do you learn (узнавать) when you take a patient’s pulse?
4) What pulse does a healthy person have?
5) When does the heart work faster?
6) What is your pulse now?
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood in the arterial wall. Blood pressure can be normal, high and low. The normal BP is between 110-140 (systolic pressure) over 70-90 (diastolic pressure).
When you check a patient’s BP, you should think of his/her age. If a 20-year- old person has the blood pressure of 140-150, it is dangerous. And a nurse should immediately (немедленно) take care of such a patient. But if a 50-year-old patient has the same BP, it is not dangerous.
If a person is hypertensive, he/she may often complain of headaches, nose bleeding and heartaches. The doctor prescribes him/her hypotensive drugs. High blood pressure often frightens a patient. The nurse should calm him/her. Hypertensive patients should not work hard.
Hypotension or low BP is caused by different conditions. Anaemia may be a cause of hypotension. Great fatigue may also cause hypotension. In all cases it is a very serious disease and medical professionals should be very attentive to such patients.
Match the words in list A with the words in list B
| A | B |
| 1 age 2 patient 3 nose bleeding 4 headache 5 a very serious disease 6 attentive 7 hypotensive 8 hypertensive | a) внимательный b) головная боль c) возраст d) пациент e) кровотечение из носа f) гипертензивный, повышающий АД g) гипотензивный, понижающий АД h) очень серьезное заболевание |
We speak / Мы говорим
Act the dialogue out /Разыграйте диалог
Bessie: Hello, Mary. I’m Bessie. I’m your nurse for today. How are you?
Mary: OK, thanks.
Bessie: That’s good. I’m going to take your blood pressure and pulse now.
Mary: Alright, Bessie.
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Bessie: Your blood pressure’s one hundred over sixty-eight. Your pulse is sixty-four.
Mary: Is that good?
Bessie: Yes, it’s fine.
Mary: Am I finished now?
Bessie: Yes. That’s it.
We write / Мы пишем
Complete the sentences / Закончите предложения:
1 Blood pressure is….
2 BP can be…
3 My blood pressure is…
4 When a nurse takes a patient’s blood pressure, she/he….
5 A hypertensive patient…
6 The cause of low blood pressure can be…
Level B
Vocabulary
| at rest – в покое a reading - показание fall – падать hypertension –гипертензия set up an appointment – записать на прием (к врачу) concurrent - одновременный rise, elevation – повышение failure – недостаточность accelerate – повышать chart – амбулаторная карта | prevent - предотвращать take steps – предпринимать шаги unless – если (только) не high, low – высокий, низкий (про артериальное давление) prehypertension - тенденция к гипертензии hypertensive crisis – гипертонический криз stroke -инсульт malignant – аномальный, злокачественный |
Reading
Read the text and do the exercise after it.
Blood pressure
Blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. Each time your heart beats, it pumps blood into the arteries. Your blood pressure is highest when your heart beats, pumping the blood. This is called systolic pressure. When your heart is at rest, between beats, your blood pressure falls. This is called diastolic pressure.
Your blood pressure reading uses these two numbers. Usually the systolic number comes before or above the diastolic number. A reading of
· 119/79 or lower is normal blood pressure
· 140/90 or higher is high blood pressure
· Between 120 and 139 for the top number, or between 80 and 89 for the bottom number is called prehypertension. Prehypertension means you may end up with high blood pressure, unless you take steps to prevent it.
High blood pressure usually has no symptoms, but it can cause serious problems such as stroke, heart failure, heart attack and kidney failure.
You can control high blood pressure through healthy lifestyle habits and taking medicines, if needed.
The numeric (числовая) difference between your systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called your pulse pressure. For example, if your resting blood pressure is 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), your pulse pressure is 40.
For adults older than age 60, a pulse pressure greater than 60 can be a useful predictor of heart attacks or other cardiovascular disease; this is especially true for men.
