2020-05-12
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Topic 2. Minin and Pozharsky
1) Dmitry Pozharsky belonged to the aristocracy and Kuzma Minin was the son of a salt producer.
2) After the death of Tsar Boris Godunov in 1605 Polish troops constantly invaded Russian lands.
3) By 1610 Polish troops occupied several Russian cities, including Moscow, and most of the territory was under the rule of Polish King Sigizmund the Second.
4) In 1611 Nizhny Novgorod became one of the centers of the resistance movement.
5) In February 1611 Dmitry Pozharsky tried to free Moscow from the invaders but he was seriously injured.
6) Kuzma Minin, the head of one of Nizhny Novgorod’s districts, suggested every resident should devote one third – or in some cases one fifth – of their belongings to form a militia.
7) Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky managed to form a militia.
8) In 1612 Moscow was liberated, turning Kuzma Minin and Count Dmitry Pozharsky into national heroes.
Тема 3. Oxford University
Exercise 1. Learn to read and remember these words.
1) freshman – первокурсник
2) undergraduate – студент, учащийся вуза, университета или университетского колледжа.
3) college – высшее учебное заведение, в котором учатся 3 года и получают специальное образование (техническое, гуманитарное, медицинское и др.). Колледж может существовать как самостоятельная единица, а также может входить в состав университета.
4) university – это вуз, состоящий из колледжей различных специальностей (срок обучения 3 года). Выпускник университета получает степень бакалавра (the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Medicine, Engineering, etc.).
5) Institute – это, как правило, научно-исследовательское учреждение.
6) tutor – в английских университетах – это преподаватель, ведущий практические занятия в группе; он следит за учебой и дисциплиной студентов.
7) within the first week – в течение (не позднее) первой недели
8) attendance at the lectures is not compulsory – присутствие (посещение) на лекциях необязательно
9) to live in lodgings – снимать комнату
10) the progress of the students are tested by the college examinations – успехи студентов проверяются экзаменами в колледже
11) a debating society – дискуссионный клуб
12) to take club activities – участвовать в работе кружка
Exercise 2. Read the international words and give Russian equivalents.
College, mile, aristocratic, university, faculty, autonomous, athletics, to discuss, a student, to debate.
Exercise 3. Repeat the following words after the teacher.
University, century, aristocratic, colleges, faculties, autonomous, athletics, academic, freshmen, tutor, essay, requirements, examination, lectures, attendance, compulsory, progress, library, engaged, exercise, lodgings, majority, graduates, private, undergraduates.
Exercise 4. Read and translate the phrases and learn them by heart. Переписать в тетрадь, перевести и выучить наизусть.
1) Oxford University
2) about 50 miles from London
3) as an aristocratic university
4) 32 colleges
5) a completely autonomous body
6) to pay great attention to athletics
7) in the Oxford academic year
8) within the first week
9) the requirements for the examination
10) attendance at the lectures is not compulsory
11) to read out and discuss the essay
12) to test the progress of the students
13) to attend lectures
14) he is engaged in sports
15) in the library, to have club activities
16) debating societies
17) to live in lodgings
18) the majority of the students
19) graduates of private schools.
Exercise 5. Read and pay attention to the expression “to be going to do smth” (собираться сделать что-либо).
1) I am going to be engaged in sports next term.
2) My friend is going to enter the Moscow Law Institute next year.
3) My tutor and I are going to discuss my essay on Friday.
4) My friend is going to study English at the University.
5) What are you going to become in future?
6) Are you going to attend this lecture tomorrow?
7) We are going to take part in the debating society.
8) I am going to work as a detective.
9) Our students are going to work in the English laboratory after classes.
10) What are you going to do after classes? – To work at our English in the laboratory and then we are going to have club activities.
11) Where are you going to live? – As there is no hostel in our College, the majority of our students are going to live in lodgings.
12) The majority of our graduates are going to work as lawyers.
Переведите текст письменно, подготовьте контрольное чтение, перевод текста.
Oxford University
Oxford is a beautiful town on the river Thames about fifty miles from London. Some people say it is more beautiful than any other city in England.
Oxford University was founded in the 12th century as an aristocratic university and has remained so to the present day. The University consists of 32 colleges – 27 colleges for men and 5 colleges for women. There are 16 faculties there. Each college is a completely autonomous body, governed by its own laws. A large college has about 500 students, a small one – about a hundred. Several colleges say they are the oldest, but no other college is as old as Merton, which began in 1264.
The term of studies lasts for 10 weeks. There are 3 terms in the Oxford academic year.
Within the first week the freshman meets his tutor who tells the student about his plans, the lectures which he must take, about the requirements for the examination which he will take, about the course of reading for him. Attendance at lectures is not compulsory. Once every week each undergraduate goes to his tutor’s room to read out an essay which he has written and discuss this essay with the tutor.
At the beginning or end of each term the progress of the students is tested by the college examinations.
They pay great attention to athletics at the University. The students are engaged in different kinds of sports, take part in competitions between Oxford and Cambridge Universities.
This is how a student spends his day. His working hours are from 9 to 1. At 9 o’clock he sees his tutor or goes to the library, or attends lectures. From 2 to 5 he is engaged in sports and all kinds of exercise. From 5 to 7 he works in the library or laboratory. At 7 o’clock they have dinner-time. After dinner the students have club activities, debating societies, etc. By 10 o’clock the students must be in the college, as most of students live in the colleges, only some of them live in lodgings in the town.
The doors of Oxford University are not open to all. The majority of the students are graduates of private schools, so Oxford University remains as an aristocratic university to the present day.
