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NOVOSIBIRSK

Novosibirsk City Flag	Novosibirsk City Coat of Arms	Novosibirsk City Map, Russia

Topical vocabulary:

census	перепись населения
rapid growth	стремительный рост, активное развитие
go on	продолжать
degrees Celsius	градусы Цельсия
Trans-Siberian Railway	Транссибирская магистраль
latter half of the 19th century	вторая половина 19 в.
left-bank tracks	ж/д путь, соединяющий левый берег с правым
resident	житель
predominate	доминировать, превалировать
industrial enterprise	промышленноепредприятие
heavy machinery	тяжёлое машиностроение
automatic loom	автоматический ткацкий станок
dam of hydroelectric station	платина гидроэлектростанции
joint venture	совместное предприятие
contemporary	современный
route taxi	маршрутное такси
electric commuter train	электричка
host	размещать на своей территории
man-made	искусственный
research institute	научно-исследоват. институт
on a very large scale	в крупных масштабах
conservatoire [kǝn'sɜːvǝtwɑː(r)]	консерватория
contemporary	современный
volume	(зд.) том (книга)
State Public Scientific and Technical Library	Государственная публичная научно-техническая библиотека (ГПНТБ)

Novosibirsk is a city in Russia, the capital of the Novosibirsk region and Siberian Federal District. It is the third largest city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg, one of the largest Russian business, cultural, industrial, scientific, trade, and transport centers.

It is the most populous city¹ in Asian Russia². The population of the city is 1,567,087 (according to the census of January, 1^st, 2015). Because of its rapid growth and industrialization the city is also known as ‘Chicago of Siberia’ and ‘Capital of Siberia’.

Novosibirsk is located in the south-eastern part of the West Siberian Plain³, on the great Siberian river Ob. It is divided by the river into two parts. The city occupies the area of about 506 sq. km. It goes on growing and is one of the most dynamic cities in Russia. The city is served by the international airport “Tolmachevo” located 17 km form the center of Novosibirsk.

 

The city has humid continental climate. Winters are severely cold and temperature falls to – 20 degrees. Summers are warmer with the average temperature of + 19.4 degrees Celsius.

The city was founded in 1893. It was a settlement⁴ on a place where the bridge over the Ob River was planned to be built during construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. The settlement was named Novonikolayevsk after⁵ the Russian Empire Tsar Nicholas II. Its foundation is associated with⁶ the name of the well-known Russian writer of the latter half of the 19th century N. Garin-Mikhailovsky. Engineering was his second profession. In 1891—1893 Garin-Mikhailovsky built the left-bank tracks of the Trans-Siberian Railway. The residents of Novosibirsk called the railway station square⁷ of the city by his name⁸.

Being one of the largest Siberian⁹ cities it holds the position of major industrial, cultural and educational center of Siberia ¹⁰. Today’s Novosibirsk has a wide range of industries, but metallurgy and engineering predominate. Industrial enterprises produce unique heavy machinery and equipment, farm machines, hydraulic presses, automatic looms, power generators and various types of instruments and devices. There are also ship and locomotive repair shops. Power is provided by the dam of hydroelectric station¹¹ and several thermal power stations¹². There are many joint ventures¹³ in Novosibirsk. Novosibirsk has trade partners¹⁴ in many countries.

Novosibirsk has an underground railway¹⁵ of its own. It was opened in 1986. Besides the Metro, transportation within the city includes buses, trolleybuses, trams, route taxes and even local electric commuter trains. The center of Novosibirsk is Lenin Square, Krasny Prospect (Krasny Avenue) is the central, the longest and the straightest street, it’s about 6945metres long.

Novosibirsk is famous for its scientific researches and developments in the whole country. It hosts over 100 R&D organizations¹⁶, and science campus¹⁷, the General Committee of Siberian Branch of the Academy of Science¹⁸. Akademgorodok is well-known around the world. It is situated on the coast of the man-made Ob Sea. More than twenty research institutes, the University are situated here. Research work is being done on a very large scale in this area. Novosibirsk is called a city of three Academies: the Siberian branch of the VASKHNIL, the Siberian branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Sciences and the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The residents of Novosibirsk are proud of academic theatre ¹⁹ “The NOVAT”, one of the world’s biggest, the Conservatoire of Music, the “Globe” theatre, the Operetta House and the Puppet Theater²⁰. The town has interesting museums and impressive monuments, botanical gardens, the Zoo, art galleries and the circus ²¹.

The Art Gallery in Novosibirsk is certainly the worth seeing! It contains works of Ivan Shishkin, Vasily Tropinin, Nikolai Rerickh, Arkhip Kuindzhi, Ilya Repin, Vasily Surikov, as well as contemporary artists.

On the bank of the river Kamenka stands the tall building of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library ²². It has more than five million volumes on its shelves.

Novosibirsk is an educational center as well. Every third resident of Novosibirsk is a student who can make his choice of colleges. The city is still growing and becoming more beautiful with every passing day.

У пражнения после прочтения текста

1. Ответьте на вопросы (дайте полные ответы):

1. What is the population of Novosibirsk?

2. When was the city founded?

3. What is the longest and straightest street in Novosibirsk?

4. Why is Novosibirsk considered to be a scientific center?

5. What theaters are there in the city?

6. What transport do people use to travel around the city?

7. Why is Novosibirsk considered to be an educational center?

8. Where are you from? How long have you been living in Novosibirsk?

 

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