Chapter 5: Shipwreck (Кораблекрушение) 2 страница

«Perhaps: or perhaps not at all. When the film J  aws came out, there were many attempts to explain its hold over the audience».

«At bottom, this is the grip which the story of Jonah and the whale still has on us: fear of be  ing devoured by a l  arge creatu  re, fear of being chomped, slurped, gargled…»

«On 25th August 1891, James Bart  ley, a thirty-five-year-old sailor on the Star of the East, was swallowed by a spe  rm whale o  ff the Fal  kland Isla  nds».

«For Jonah now re  ad Bartley. And one day there will be a case, one which even you will believe, of a sailor lost in a whale's mout  h and recovered from its belly; maybe not after half a day, perhaps after only half an hour. And then people will believe the myth of Bartley, which was begotten by the myth o  f Jonah. For the point is this; not that myth refers us back to some original event which has been fancifully transcribed as it passed through the collective memory; but that it refers us forward to something that will happen, that must happen. Myth will beco  me reality, however sceptical we might be».

Характеристики концепта THE MYTH OF JONAH:

- Whale

- Myth

- Jonah

- James Bartley

- A large creature, fishy story, great fish

- God

- Bible

- Nineveh

- Wicked city

Chapter 7 Three Simp  le Stories (Тр  и Простые Истор  ии)

Concept: MS ST. LOUIS (“THE VOYAGE OF THE DAMNED”)

1. Britannica:

MS St. Louis, in full Motorschiff St. Louis, also called SS St. Louis, German ocean liner that gained international attention in May–June 1939 when Cuba, the United States, and Canada denied entry to its more than 900 Jewish passengers, most of whom had fled Nazi Germany. Ultimately, several European countries took the refugees, though 255 of the passengers are believed to have later died in the Holocaust.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/MS-St-Louis-German-ship

2. Free dictionary:

The MS St. Louis was a German ocean liner most notable for a single voyage in 1939, in which its captain, Gustav Schröder, tried to find homes for 908 Jewish refugees from Germany. After they were denied entry to Cuba, Canada, and the United States, the refugees were finally accepted in various European countries, and historians have estimated that approximately a quarter of them died in death camps during World War II. The event was the subject of a 1974 book, Voyage of the Damned, by Gordon Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts. It was adapted for a 1976 U.S. film of the same title and a 1994 opera titled "St. Louis Blues" by Chiel Meijering.

https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/MS+St.+Louis

Компонентно-дефиниционный анализ языковой единицы:

- German ocean liner

- A single voyage

- Jewish refugees

- Voyage of Damned

- Nazi accident

- The Second World War

- Death camps

- Immigration

MS ST. LOU  IS (“THE VOY  AGE OF THE D  AMNED”) in the BOO  K

Examples: «At 8 pm on S  aturday, 1  3th May 19  39, the li  ner St Lou  is left its ho  me port of H  amburg. It was a cruise s  hip, and most of the 937 passe  ngers booked on its transatlantic voyage carried visas confirming that they were `tourists, travelling for pleasure'. The words were an evasion, however, as was the purpose of their voyage. All but a few of them were Jews, refugees f  rom a Nazi st  ate which intended to dispossess, transport and exterminate them. Many, indeed, had already been dispossessed, since emigrants f  rom Germany were permitted to take with them no more than a nominal ten Reichsmarks. This enforced poverty made them easier targets for propaganda: if they left with no more than their allowance, they could be portrayed as shabby Unte  rmenschen scuttling away like rats; if they managed to outwit the system, then they were economic criminals fleeing with stolen goods. All this was normal».

«Along with their tickets the refugees had bought landing permits from the Cuban d  irector of i  mmigration, who had given a personal guarantee that they would face no difficulties entering his country. It was he who had classed them as ` tourists, t  ravelling fo  r pleasure'; and in the course of the voyage some passengers, particularly the younger ones, were able to make the remarkable transition from despised U  ntermensch to p  leasure-see  king tourist. Perhaps their escape fro  m Germany fe  lt as miracu  lous as th  at of Jona  h from the w  hale. Every day there was food, drink, and dancing. Despite a warning to crew members from the Gestapo cell about contravention of the Law fo  r the Protect  ion of Ger  man Blood a  nd Honour, sexual activity continued as normal on a cruise. Towards the end of the Atlantic crossing, the traditional costume ball took place. The band played Glenn Miller; Jews appeared as pirates, sailors and Hawaiian dancers».

«The St Louis was flying the swasti  ka flag, which was normal; its crew included half-a-dozen Gest  apo agents, which was also normal. The shipping line had instructed the captain to lay in c  heaper cuts o  f meat for t  his voyage, to remove lu  xury goods f  rom the shops a  nd free postc  ards from t  he public roo  ms; but the captain largely circumvented such orders, decreeing that this journey should resemble other cruises by the St Louis and be, as far as possible, normal. So, when the Jews arrived on board from a mainland where they had been despised, systematically humiliated and imprisoned, they discovered that although this ship was legally still part of Germany, flew the swasti  ka and had large port  raits of H  itler in its public rooms, the Germans with whom they had dealings were courteous, attentive and even obedient. This was abnormal».

«As the liner started its engines, a group of women charged the accommodation ladder; they were repelled by Cuban police with pistols. During its six days in Havana harbour the St Louis h  ad become a tou  rist attract  ion, and its departure was watched by an estimated crowd of 100,000. The captain had been given permission by his superiors in Hamburg to sail for any port which would accept his passengers. At first he steamed idly in ever-widening circles, waiting to be recalled to Havana; then headed nort  h for Miam  i. When the ship reached the American coast, it was greeted by a US coastguard cutter. But this apparent welcome was a rebuff: the cutter was there to see that the St Louis did not enter territorial waters. The State Department had already decided that if the Jews we  re turned dow  n by Cuba, t  hey would not be g  ranted ent  ry into the U  nited States. Money was a less direct factor here: high unemployment and reliable xenophobia were sufficient justifications. The Dominic  an Republic o  ffered to accept t  he refugees for the standardized m  arket price of $500 a he  ad; but this merely duplicated the Cuban tariff. Venezuela, Ecu  ador, Chile, Co  lombia, Pa  raguay and A  rgentina were all approached; each decli  ned to bea  r the world's s  hame single-  handed. In Miami the immigration inspector announced that the St Louis wou  ld not be a  llowed to doc  k in any U  S port».

Характеристики концепта MS St. Louis («The Voyage of The Damned»):

- Jews

- Immigration

- St. Louis

- Refugees

- Emigrants

- Untermensch

- Germany

- Swastika

- Large portraits of Hitler

- Gestapo

- Voyage

- For the standardized market price of $500 a head

- Like rats

Chapter 8 Parenthes  is (Интерме  дия)

Concepts: LOVE

1. Cambridge dictionary:

To like another adult very much and be romantically and sexually attracted to them, or to have strong feelings of liking a friend or person in your family.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/love

   2. Merriam-Webster dictionary:

1) strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personal ties maternal love for a child;

2) attraction based on sexual desire: affection and tenderness felt by lovers;

3) affection based on admiration, benevolence, or common interests;

4) the object of attachment, devotion, or admiration;

5) unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another, such as:

a) the fatherly concern of God for humankind;

b) brotherly concern for others;

6) a god (such as Cupid or Eros) or personification of love.

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/love

   3. Dictionary:

1) a profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person;

2) a feeling of warm personal attachment or deep affection, as for a parent, child, or friend;

3) sexual passion or desire;

4) a person toward whom love is felt; beloved person; sweetheart;

5) a personification of sexual affection, as Eros or Cupid.

6) strong predilection, enthusiasm, or liking for anything.

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/love

Компонентно-дефиниционный анализ языковой единицы:

- Strong feeling of liking a friend/family;

- Sense of attraction;

- Affection for adult;

- To be sexually/romantically attracted to adults;

- Based on sexual desire/admiration/tenderness;

- Loyal concern for smb. (God, children, humankind);

- A God (Cupid or Eros);

- Beloved person.

LOVE in the BOO  K

Examples: `I love you,' I whispe<sup> </sup>r into that s<sup> </sup>leeping nape, `I love you.' All novelists know their art proceeds by indirection.

Then again, poets seem ab  le to turn bad love - se  lfish, shitty love - i  nto good love poet  ry. Prose write  rs lack th  is power o  f admirable, d  ishonest t  ransformat  ion. We can only turn bad love into prose about bad love. So we are envious (and slightly distrustful) when poets talk to us of love. And they write this stuff called love poetry. It's collected into books called The Great Lovers' Valentine World Anthology of Love Poetry or whatever.

The Canadian writer Mavis Gallant put it like this: 'The mystery of what a couple is, e  xactly, is a  lmost the o  nly true myste  ry left to us, and when we have come to the end of it there will be no more need for literature - or for love, for that matter.'

Is love wh  at will su  rvive of us? It would be nice to think so. It would be comforting if love we  re an energy sou  rce which continued to glow after our deaths. Early telev  ision sets, w  hen you tu  rned them o  ff, used to le  ave a blob o  f light in t  he middle o  f the scree  n, which slowly diminished from the size of a florin to an expiring speck. As a boy I would watch this process each evening, vaguely wanting to hold it back (and seeing it, with adolescent melancholy, as the pinpoint of human existence fading inexorably in a black universe). Is love me  ant to glow on l  ike this fo  r a while a  fter the set h  as been sw  itched off? I can't see it myself. When the su  rvivor of a lov  ing couple d  ies, love d  ies too. If anything survives of us it will probably be something else.

'I love you'. Subject, verb, object: the unadorned, impregnable sentence. The subject is a short word, implying the self-effacement of the lover. The verb is longer but unambiguous, a demonstrative moment as the tongue flicks anxiously away from the palate to release the vowel.

I imagine a phonic co  nspiracy between the world's languages. They make a conference decision that the phrase must always sound like something to be e  arned, to be st  riven for, to be worthy of. Ich liebe d  ich: a late-  night, cig  arette-voiced w  hisper, with that happy rhyme of subject and object. Je t'aime: a different procedure, with the subject and object being got out of the way first, so that the long vowel of adoration can be savoured to the full. Ya tebya lyub  lyu: the object once more in consoling second position, but this time - despite the hinting rhyme of subject and object - an implic  ation of d  ifficulty, obst  acles to be ove  rcome. Ti amo: it sou  nds perhaps a b  it too muc  h like an apé  ritif, but is full of structural conviction with subject and verb, the doer and the deed, enclosed in the same word.

We must keep these words in their box behind glass. And when we take them out we must be careful with them. Men will s  ay `I love you' to get women i <sup> </sup> nto bed wit <sup> </sup> h them; wo <sup> </sup> men will s <sup> </sup> ay `I love you' to get me  n into mar  riage with t  hem; both will say 'I love you' to keep fear at bay, to convince themselves of the deed by the word, to assure t  hemselves t  hat the pro  mised cond  ition has a  rrived, to deceive themselves that it hasn't yet gone away. We must beware of such uses. 1 love you shouldn't go out into the world, become a currency, a traded share, make profits for us. It will do that if we let it. But keep this biddable phrase for whispering i  nto a nape f  rom which t  he absent h  air has just bee  n swept.