Native American Indian Art Types

· Pottery – Pottery was used for the storage of food, valuables, and other things like water. American Indians created these to help with normal everyday living.

· Baskets – One of the oldest art forms, basket weaving has been known to date back 8 thousand years

Fun Fact

Basket weaving was a practical form of craft work, beautiful crafted items would be made by weaving reeds, grasses and corn husks which could been dyed to produce rich, bright colours

· Masks – Tribal ceremonies generally used masks. Different tribes have different mask designs and the techniques in creating them also were different.

· Totem Poles – Totem poles are one of the more striking artwork by Native America Indians. These generally stand up to 40ft and were sculpted from wood.

Fun Fact

Native American Totem poles are the largest, most elaborate form of Native American art. The carvings, colours and symbols on a Totem Pole have spiritual meanings and significance that represent the tribe's faiths, beliefs and heritage

· Dolls – Dolls were also famous as they were depicted as a spiritual aspect of the tribe.

· Paintings – Just like pottery, paintings date back thousands of years and can be seen on cave walls, pottery, shields and more.

Fun Fact

Tepees were commonly painted by the men of the tribe, the pictures would display earthly and spiritual art images relating to the tribes Native American customs and beliefs

· Jewelry – Jewelry was made and worn by the different tribes. Most jewelry was made from stone, silver, copper or turquoise.

Fun Fact

Native American tribal art included making Jewelry which was often very ornate and worn by both genders. The jewelry was made from natural resources including bone, teeth, claws, sea shells, stones and wood. It was common for men to wear jewelry, such as necklaces and armbands and women to wear armbands, bracelets and earrings

	Fun Fact		Native American Jewelry was made with the belief that natural resources within each item held special powers and magical properties that would benefit the wearer; these benefits would include properties for healing, peace and strength
Fun Fact		The most iconic semi-precious stone used in creating Native American art and jewelry is Turquoise. Turquoise stones have been crafted into Native American jewelry for many centuries

· Beadwork – Beadwork is well known to be a part of Native American Indian artworks. Some of the more famous beadwork are from the Great Plains Indians. They usually used materials including silver, horns, animal bones, wood, turquoise, and shells for their beads.

Fun Fact

Native American used a variety of creative beadwork to embellish clothing, costumes, jewelry and special items. Glass beading was introduced after the Europeans settlers arrived, prior to this beads were made from shells, bone and wood.

EXERSICES

1. Guess the meaning of the words and then check in the Dictionary:

Normal; design; techniques; totem;

2. Translate into Russian:

Pottery; valuables; everyday living; basket weaving; totem poles; striking art work; shields; turquoise; animal bones.

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3. Translate into English:

Хранение, корзины, дерево, камень, серебро, медь, рога, ракушки.

4. Match the words:

everyday	poles
basket	bones
art	living
animal	income
totem	weaving
tribal	source
major	work

5. Read text 2 and find the sentences with the verbs in Past Indefinite Passive.

6. Answer the questions:

A) What is the most striking art work by Native American Indians? - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B) What was pottery used for? - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C) What do you know about basket weaving in our country? - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D) What material totem poles made from? - ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E) Where can you see ancient paintings? - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

F) What was most jewelry made from? - ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

G) What materials were used for the beads (bead work)? - ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Read and translate

TEXT 3

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