Find in the text English equivalents for the following Russian words and word combinations

система действительных чисел, отношения целых положительных чисел, неопределенное понятие, непустое множество, система обозначения множества, рациональные числа, иррациональные числа, отрицательные числа, математический анализ.

 

TEXT 2B 

What is a computer?

Learn the following active words and word combinations.

to accept –  принимать

data – данные

to process – обрабатывать

processing – обработка

to run a program – запускать программу

perform – выполнять

screen – экран

output – вывод

software – программное обеспечение

hardware – аппаратное обеспечение

CPU – центральный процессор

peripherals – периферийные устройства

to execute – выполнять

RAM (random access memory) – память с произвольным доступом

to attach – присоединять

to extract – извлекать

DVD (digital versatile disk, digital video disk) – видео диск

USB (Universal Serial Bus) – универсальная последовательная шина

 

Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and expressions from the text.

communication, device, desktop, output, input, front panel, in a certain form, in a specified format, main memory, disk driver, flash driver.

 

Give the answers to these questions before reading the text.

1. Have you got a computer? What kind is it?

2. What do you use it for?

3. What are the main components and features of computer system?

 

Read and translate the text.

 

A computer is an electronic machine which can accept data in a certain form, process the data, and give the result of the processing in a specified format as information.

First, the user feeds data into the computer’s memory. Then, when the user runs program, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see the result (the output) on the screen or in printed form.

A computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software. Hardware is any electronic or mechanical part you can see or touch. Software is a set of instructions, called a program, which tells the computer what to do. There are three basic hardware sections: the central processing unit (CPU), main memory and peripherals.

Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the „brain‟ of the computer. The main memory (a collection of RAM chips) holds the instructions and data processed by the CPU. Peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/output devises.

Storage device (hard drives, DVD drives or flash drivers) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs. Disk driver are used to read and write data on disks. Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory. The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system. For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the result onto paper by means of a printer.

On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – digital camera, a scanner, etc. They allow communication between the computer and the devices. Modern desktop PCs have USB ports and memory card readers on the front panel.

Find in the text English equivalents for the following Russian words and word combinations.

центральный процессор, обрабатывать, данные, присоединять, выполнять, периферийные устройства, экран, запускать программу, программное обеспечение, аппаратное обеспечение.

Match the words with their definitions.

software	the brain of computer
peripherals	physical parts of a computer system
main memory	programs for a particular computer
hard drive/hard disk	the information presented to the computer
hardware	results produced by a computer
input	input devices attached to the CPU
ports	section for programs and data
output	magnetic device used to store information
central processing unit	socket onto which an external device may be connected

Answer the following questions.

1. What is a computer?

2. What are the main components of a computer system?

3. What happens when the user runs program?

4. What are the basic hardware sections?

5. What is the function of the CPU?

6. What are the two main groups of peripherals? And what are their functions?

Speak about the principles of computer work (in 8-10 sentences).

Unit 3

TEXT 3A

    Fractions

Learn the following active words and word combinations.

to divide –  делить

numerator –  числитель

denominator – знаменатель

to reduce – сокращать

to resolve – разложить

both – оба

common factor – общий множитель

expression – выражение

divisor – делитель

properties – свойства

dividend –делимое

quotient – частное, коэффициент.

 

Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and expressions from the text.

fraction, Latin, to derive, to mean,indicated quotient, to its lowest terms, rule, describe, represent, indicate, display, make up, line.