2020-10-12
316
Good health is a great blessing. Everyone shoud do all he can to stay healthy. Being in good health means having both body and mind in good working order free from disease and pain. As they say, "A sound mind in a sound body".
All sorts of physical exercises are very helpful to make our bodies strong as well as to keep us well mentally. So if we want to keep ourselves fit, we have to go in for sports or games. People play games — in some games each person is for himself, in others there are teams. Some games are quiet, others are very lively. Every game has its own rules. Win ning and losi ng are always a part of playing a game. No list could be made of all the games people play. Games that take a great deal of athletic skill are often called sports. Football (soccer), tennis, hockey, basketball, for instance, are sports. We know, and may go in for, a great variety of sports and games. Some kinds of sports need simple equipment and facilities, others —rather complex ones. Our first contact with sport and games is in childhood. Later on in school we discover our favourite sports and games. I play football, table tennis, swimming, chess and some others.
Today sports teachers in schools have different ideas about why they are teaching sport. Should they try to produce a winning team? Should they use sport for character building? Should they teach a lot of techniques? Or should they just teach the pupils to enjoy the game? No matter what the answer might be the school has always been the place for training prospective sportsmen. Some of them become professional s but the majority remain amateur s.
In our country every year a great number of different competition s are held at different levels — starting with schools and finishing at national levels. Then winners of national competitions take part in international championships: World and European ones, Olympic Games, Students' Olimpiads and so on.
|
|
|
You can't do without this vocabulary:
blessing — благо, блаженство, щастя
healthy — здоровий
disease and pain — хвороби та болі
"A sound mind in a sound body" — "В здоровому тилі — здоровий дух"
mentally — розумово
to keep oneself fit —підтримувати форму
to go in for sports — займатися спортом
quiet — спокійний
lively — жвавий, рухливий
to win — вигравати
to lose —програвати
a great variety — велика кількість
a facility — обладнання, спорядження
to produce a winning team —готувати команду для перемоги
character building — формування рис характеру
to enjoy the game — насолоджуватися грою
a professional — спортсмен-професіонал
an amateur — спортсмен-аматор
a competition (championship) — змагання (чемпіонат)
Olympic Games — Олімпійські Ігри
Exercise 1. Read and memorize the following words:
track-and-field athletics — легка атлетика
fencing — фехтування
boxing — бокс
aquatic sports водний спорт
sports circle — спортивне товариство
coaching, training — тренування
sport competitions — спортивні змагання
skiing — лижний спорт
skating — ковзанярський спорт
tobogganning — катання на санках з гори
hunting —полювання
outdoor games — ігри на свіжому повітрі
indoor games — ігри в приміщенні
chess —шахи
billiards — більярд
snooker — снукер (гра на бильярді)
fan of — вболівати за (команду)
a score — рахунок
a stadium — стадіон
in favour of — на користь
to net a ball — забити м'яч у ворота
callisthenics художня гімнастика
wrestling боротьба
soccer \ football — футбол
rugby - peгбi
boat race — змагання з веслування
cricket крикет
fishing (angling) — вудіння, вудити рибу
Topic 9. TRAVELLING
Nowadays travell ing abroad is very popular. Some people prefer to travel by plane, especially businessmen, because it's the fastest means of transportation. Those who are not short of time usually travel by train or by ship. It takes more time but gives the opportunity to see the country you travel through, its picturesque landscapes and nature.
|
|
|
While travelling abroad you have to go through customs, sometimes several times.
As a rule the customs officers check your passports and visas if they are required. When coming to some countries you may need a health certificate or a certificate of vaccination. If you have anything to declare, then you are to fill in the declaration form.
The customs officers may ask you to show your luggage to them. Usually articles for personal use and wear and also used items and gifts are not liable to duty anywhere. If you are carrying much currency you should also declare it. If you are carrying weapons you need a permit. Although some items are liable to duty, if you carry only a small amount of them, they are duty free.
Occasionally the customs officers may take some of your things for a more detailed inspection but usually they return them soon.
Do not try to break the customs rules and regulations because you may have a lot of troubles.
Exercise 1. Read and memorize the following words:
travel - подорож, поїздка·
(to) travel... – їхати (подорожувати)...
abroad – за кордон
on business – у справі, у відрядженні
by train - поїздом
by bus -aтo6ycoм
by car – автомобілем
b y ship – кораблем
by plane – літаком
e.g. I like to travel abroad.
Businessmen usually prefer to travel by plane.
tour – подорож (за певним маршрутом)
e.g. We made a bus-tour round London.
voyage – подорож морем,річкою
e.g. I don't like sea voyages as I am always sea-sick.
cruise – подорож морем (з метою відпочинку)
e.g. My brother is going to have a world cruise.
booking-office – білетна каса
e.g. As the booking-office was closed I had to wait.
arrival – прибуття,приїзд
departure – від’їзд
far e – плата за проїзд
e.g. What's the fare to Rome?
flight – політ,переліт,рейс
schedule – розклад,графік
on schedule – вчасно, за розкладом
e.g. Our train arrived on schedule.
return ticket – зворотній квиток
e.g. I always try to buy return tickets wherever I go.
one-way ticket - квиток в один напрям.
through ticket – транзитний квиток
(to) date a ticket –закомпостирувати квиток
left-luggage office / check-room – камера схову
Information Bureau/Inquiry Office – довідкове бюро
waiting-room – зал чекання
stewardess - стюардеса
guard - провідник
berth - спальне місце,каюта
cabin - каюта
state-room –окрема каюта
carriage - вагон
dining-car –вагон-ресторан
sleeping-car \ sleeper –спальний вагон
compartment - купе
deck - палуба
gangway -тpan
rack – вішалка, полиця для речей
seat - мicцe
bag – сумка,маленька валіза
suitcase –невелика валіза
trunk –велика валіза
customs - митниця
Exercise 2. Learn the following word-combinations and phrases:
(to) go via - їхати через,проїжджати
passport control - Паспортний контроль
(to) announce the departure of flight Оголосити виліт літака
Which way to customs? Як пройти до митниці?
Where do they examine the luggage? Де перевіряють багаж?
Here's my - Ось мій(моя,моє)…
Passport - Паспорт
visa - Віза
health certificate - Довідка про стан здоров’я
certificate of vaccination - Свідоцтво про вакцинацію
declaration form - декларація
Have you anything to declare? = Is there anything liable tо duty? - У вас є речі,які підлягають обкладанню митом?
I have nothing to declare. = There is nothing liable to duty. - Я не маю нічого,що підлягає обкладанню митом.
Are these things liable to duty? а хіба ці речі підлягають обкладанню митом?
These things are duty free. - Ці речі не підлягають обкладанню митом
Are you carrying any currency? - Ви везете валюту?
I have only used things and gifts. У мене лише речі, які були у вжитку, та подарунки
I have only articles for personal use and wear. У мене лише речі особистого користування та одяг.
Shall I submit for inspection printed matter? Чи повинен я показати друковані матеріали?
manuscripts - рукописи
films - фото(кіно) плівки
PC diskettes - комп’ютерні дискети
A V cassettes - відеокасети
graphics - креслення
foodstuffs - продукти
How much do I have to pay? - Скільки я маю сплатити?
Where must I sign? - Де потрібно розписатися?
I need a receipt. - Мені потрібна квитанція
This doesn't belong to me. - Це не моє.
Have you finished? - Bи закінчили?
Exercise 3. Read and dramatize the following dialogues:
1) - Excuse me! Where is the customs control?
- Over there, to the left.
- Could you tell me whether used things and gifts are liable to duty?
- As far as I know, they are not.
- Oh, thanks a lot.
2) - Please, three tickets to Edinburgh.
- One way, sir?
- Two one-way and one return.
- Here you are, sir.
3) - Can I book a ticket to London here.
- Yes, you can, madame. Which flight?
- I think eight two one will do, it's a through plane, isn't it?
- Yes, but it's all booked up. I can offer you only flight eighty two five with a stop-over in Paris.
4) - Where is your passport? The passport control officer is coming.
- Here it is.
- What is the purpose of your visit? I travel on business.
- Could you produce your visa and declaration form?
- Here they are.
