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НАРЕЧИЕ. СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ НАРЕЧИЙ

НАРЕЧИЕ

 

Наречия отвечают на вопрос how? «как?», «каким образом?». В предложении они являются обстоятельствами образа действия, места, времени и пр.

Некоторые наречия имеют ту же форму, что и прилагательные:

 early - ранний; рано                   late - поздний; поздно

hard - трудный; трудно            fast - быстрый; быстро

long - долгий; долго                    far - далекий; далеко

Chuck is an early bird.                 Чак - ранняя пташка.

They came early.                                          Они пришли рано.

We had hard times.                       У нас были трудные времена.

Earl works hard.                            Эрл много работает.

Marilyn likes fast cars.                 Мэрилин любит скоростные машины.

Leroy drives very fast.                 Лерой водит машину очень быстро.

Большинство наречий образуется от прилагательных путем добавления к ним окончания - :

bad - badly                                     loud - loudly

quick - quickly                               slow - slowly

Наречие hardly означает «еле - еле», «едва», наречие lately - «недавно», «в последнее время».

СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ НАРЕЧИЙ

 

У наречий, по форме совпадающих с прилагательными, сравнительная степень образуется путем добавления - ег, а превосходная - путем добавления окончания - est:

Late – later – the latest  

Hard – harder – the hardest

У всех остальных наречий (на - ) сравнительная степень образуется путем добавления к наречию more «более» или less «менее»; превосходная степень - путем добавления the most «наиболее» или the least

«наименее»:

slowly, loudly

more slowly, less loudly

the most slowly, the least loudly

Два наречия - well «хорошо» и badly «плохо» - образуют степени сравнения нестандартно:

well - better   - the best

badly - worse     - the worst

           В английском языке мы иногда употребляем прилагательное там, где в русском употребили бы наречие, особенно с глаголами taste, feel, sound, look, smell:

 It was very pleasant.                                   Это было очень приятно.

Everything's going to be fine.                      Все будет хорошо.

That sounds good.                                        Звучит неплохо.

The flowers smell wonderful.                      Цветы пахнут чудесно. 

You look terrific!                                           Ты выглядишь потрясающе!

 

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

 

I. Task: adjective or adverb? Прилагательное или наречие:

A.

1. My brother swims (well/good).

2. She was crying (loud/loudly).

3. George writes dictations (badly/bad).

4. You speak (well/good) English. Where did you study?

5. It isn't as (easy/easily) as you think.

6. This rule is (well/good). Remember it.

7. If you want to help him, speak (honest/honestly).

8. He said that he was hit (hard/hardly).

9. Your shoes are (exact/exactly) mine.

10. The weather is (terrible/terribly). Don't go out.

11. The work was done very (careless/carelessly).

12. It was (easy/easily) to understand the book and make the report on it.

13. It can be done (easy/easily).

14. The little girl was (terrible/terribly) frightened when the dog ran after her.

15. He ate his breakfast (quick/quickly) and went to school.

16. Be (quick/quickly)! The taxi has arrived.

17. The car drove very (slow/slowly).

18. I speak French (bad/badly). Let's speak Greek.

19. Why did you speak to me so (angry/angrily)?

20. He has always been (angry/angrily).

21. Say this word (correct/correctly).

22. I don't think this is the (right/rightly) word.

23. We had (hard/hardly) reached home when it began raining.

24. He spoke (angry/angrily), and we understood at once that something had happened.

25. My friend laughed (hearty/heartily) when I told him this funny story.

B.

1.You are a... driver. I'll join you.

a) careful; b) carefully.

2.She speaks English... but…

a) slowly; beautifully; b) slow; beautiful.

3.They didn't sing very....

a) loud; b) loudly.

4.Alice and Henry are very... married.

a) happy; b) happily.

5.There was... silence. Nobody spoke.

a) complete; b) completely.

6.His mother is... ill. She is in the hospital.

a) serious; b) seriously.

7.He behaved very... I think.

a) selfish; b) selfishly.

8.I always feel... before the exam.

a) nervously; b) nervous.

9.I am not very... at golf but I like to play it.

a) well; b) good.

10. Our business is going very... now.

a) good; b) well.

11. I tried... to remember all the material for my examination.

a) hard; b) hardly.

12. This coat is practically unused. I've... worn it.

a) hardly; b) hard.

13. The food is... good in this restaurant. Let's order something.

a) extremely; b) extreme.

14. Our holiday was... planned. A lot went wrong during it.

a) badly; b) bad.

15. There was a... change in his behaviour.

a) suddenly; b) sudden.

II. Task: choose adverbs in Comparative Degree. Выберите наречия в сравнительной степени:

1) early; 2) soonest; 3) most easily; 4) fast; 5) more often; 6) well; 7) less; 8) slowly; 9) later; 10) clearly;11) more perfectly; 12) completely; 13) terribly; 14) oftener; 15) kindly.

III. Task: choose adverbs in Superlative Degree. Выберите наречия в превосходной степени:

1) sooner; 2) most easily; 3) oftenest; 4) worst; 5) far; 6) quicker; 7) more carefully; 8) most; 9) latest; 10) late; 11) more regularly; 12) most angrily; 13) soonest; 14) quickest; 15) more loudly.

IV. Task: choose adverbs in Positive Degree. Выберите наречия в положительной степени:

1) worst; 2) little; 3) beautifully; 4) loudly; 5) slower; 6) well; 7) farther; 8) latest; 9) early; 10) best; 11) much; 12) oftenest, 13) technically;14) faster; 15) most easily.

V. Task: choose the right variant of sentences. Mind the position of an adverb. Выберите правильный вариант предложения. Обратите внимание на место наречия:

1.a) Nancy learns very quickly.

b) Nancy very quickly learns.

2. a) Do you lock the front door always when you go out?

b) Do you always lock the front door when you go out?

3. a) I think most of the windows were locked probably.

b) I think most of the windows were probably locked.

4. a) I tried on the shoes and they perfectly fitted me.

b) I tried on the shoes and they fitted me perfectly.

5. a) You're speaking very quietly. I can hardly hear you.

b) You're speaking very quietly. I can hear you hardly.

6. a) He tried hard to find a new job but he had no luck.

b) He tried to find a new job hard but he had no luck.

7. a) The hotel stuff were to us very friendly.

b) The hotel stuff were very friendly to us.

8.a) He quite forgot that he had a lesson at 10 o'clock.

b) He forgot quite that he had a lesson at 10 o'clock.

9.a) We have finished our work nearly.

b) We have nearly finished our work.

10.a) They go for a holiday in September generally and they have had good weather always.

b) They generally go for a holiday in September and they always have had good weather.

11.a) I usually go there by bus but today I'm going to take a taxi.

b) I go there by bus usually but today I'm going to take a taxi.

12.a) Sam always made mistakes in his dictations though he knew all the rules.

b) Sam made mistakes in his dictations always though he knew all the rules.

13.a) I listen to pop music often but my parents prefer jazz.

b) I often listen to pop music but my parents prefer jazz.

14.a) My mother thinks sometimes that my brother will learn English never.

b) My mother sometimes thinks that my brother will never learn English.

15.a) He comes home usually at 5 o'clock but today he has a meeting at 5.

b) He usually comes home at 5 o'clock but today he has a meeting at 5.

 


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