2022-02-08
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6. A NUMERAL
Числительные служат для обозначения количества и порядкового номера предметов, цифр, дат, телефонных номеров и т.п. Они делятся на количественные и порядковые.
Количественные числительные: Порядковые числительные:
1 = one, 1st = first,
2 = two, 2nd = second,
3 = three, 3rd = third,
4 = four, 4th = fourth,
5 = five, 5th = fifth,
6 = six, 6th = sixth,
7 = seven, 7th = seventh,
8 = eight, 8th = eighth,
9 = nine, 9th = ninth,
10 = ten, 10th = tenth,
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11 = eleven, 11th = eleventh,
12 = twelve, 12th = twelfth,
13 = thirteen, 13th = thirteenth,
14 = fourteen, 14th = fourteenth,
15 = fifteen, 15th = fifteenth,
16 = sixteen, 16th = sixteenth,
17 = seventeen, 17th = seventeenth,
18 = eighteen, 18th = eighteenth,
19 = nineteen, 19th = nineteenth,
20 = twenty, 20th = twentieth,
30 = thirty, 30th = thirtieth,
40 = forty, 40th = fortieth,
50 = fifty, 50th = fiftieth,
60 = sixty, 60th = sixtieth,
70 = seventy, 70th = seventieth,
80 = eighty, 80th = eightieth,
90 = ninety, 90th = ninetieth,
100 = а / one hundred, 100th = one hundredth,
200 = two hundred, 200th = two hundredth,
1,000 = a / one thousand, 1,000th = one thousandth,
3,000 = three thousand, 3,000th = three thousandth,
1,000,000 = a / one million, 1,000,000th = one millionth,
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5,000,000 = five million, 5,000,000th = five millionth,
21 = twenty-one, 21st = twenty-first,
34 = thirty-four, 34th = thirty-fourth,
56 = fifty-six, 56th = fifty-sixth,
78 = seventy-eight, 78th = seventy-eighth.
Howard has three kids. У Хаурда трое детей.
There are twelve people in the group. В группе двенадцать человек.
Leroy's grandfather is seventy - three years old. Дедушке Лероя семьдесят три года.
Our seats are in the first row. Наши места в первом ряду.
He got married for the second time. Он женился во второй раз.
Earl never stays higher than the third floor. Эрл никогда не останавливается выше третьего этажа.
It's her twenty - fifth birthday. Сегодня ее двадцать пятый день рождения.
Дроби могут быть выражены: порядковыми числительными:
1/8 = one eighth; 3/5 = three fifths;
или существительными:
1/2 hour = half an hour, a half-hour; 1/4 hour = a quarter (of an) hour.
В телефонных номерах каждая цифра произносится отдельно:
574 - 7783 = five seven four, seven seven eight three;
975 - 0621 = nine seven five, zero / oh six two one.
Годы передаются количественными числительными и произносятся в два приема:
1776 = seventeen seventy-six
1900 = nineteen hundred
1999 = nineteen ninety-nine
1492 = fourteen ninety-two
1620 = sixteen twenty the
20s = the twenties
Число (по календарю) передается порядковым числительным:
01/01/99 12/25/99
07/04/1776 08/02/99
January l (st) January first / the first of January
December 25(th) December twenty-fifth / the twenty-fifth of December
July 4, 1776 July fourth, seventeen seventy-six
August 2, 1999 August second, nineteen ninety-nine
Время (по часам) произносится так:
4:00 four / four o'clock / four o'clock sharp / four a.m.
16:00 four / four o'clock / four o'clock sharp / four p.m.
3:30 three thirty / half past three
4:15 four fifteen / a quarter after four
5:25 five twenty-five / twenty-five (minutes) after five
6:45 six forty-five / a quarter to seven / a quarter of seven
8:50 eight fifty / ten (minutes) to nine / ten (minutes) of nine
12:00 midday / midnight / twelve (o'clock)
GRAMMAR EXERCISES
I. Task: choose the cardinal numerals. Выберите количественные числительные:
1) first; 2) eleven; 3) forty; 4) second; 5) two hundred; 6) twenty-first; 7) nineteen; 8) seven; 9) twelfth; 10) third; 11) fourth; 12) eight; 13) seventeen; 14) fifth; 15) nine; 16) one; 17) sixteen;18) tenth; 19) fifty; 20) one hundred and first.
II. Task: choose the ordinal numerals. Выберите порядковые числительные:
1) one hundred; 2) fourteen; 3) thirteenth; 4) two; 5) ninth; 6) twenty-three; 7) thirty; 8) hundredth; 9) thirty-fifth; 10) seventeenth; 11) forty; 12) twentieth; 13) one million; 14) thousand and hundredth; 15) sixth; 16) ninety; 17) forty-five; 18) third; 19) three; 20) eleven.
III. Task: match the suitable variant in English. Сопоставьте с соответствующим английским вариантом:
1) 3/5 a) twenty-four and one eighth;
2) 2% b) nineteen oh five;
3) 1/2 c) three fifths;
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4) 2.5% d) two per cent;
5) 24 1/8 e) a/one half;
6) 101 f) two point five per cent;
7) 1 1/2 g) a/one hundred and one;
8) 50 % h) one and a half;
9) 365 i) one thousand, one hundred;
10) 1905 j) fifty per cent;
11) 1,100 k) three hundred and sixty five.
