Voltage and current for components in series

Voltage and current for components in series

Voltages add up for components connected in series. Currents are the same through all components connected in series.

For example, in this circuit the 4V across the resis- tor and the 2V across the LED add up to the battery volt- age: 2V + 4V = 6V. The current through all parts (battery, resistor and LED) is 20mA.

Voltage and current for components in parallel

Voltages are the same across all components connected in parallel.

Currents add up for components connected in parallel.

For example, in this circuit the battery, resistor and lamp all have 6V across them. The 30mA current through the resistor and the 60mA current through the lamp add up to the 90mA current through the battery.

 

 

Exercise 1. Answer the questions

1. What ways of connecting circuit components are there?

2. What type of connection is used more frequently?

3. What happens if one of the lamps connected in series blows?

4. What type of connection should be used for lamps to be switched on and off independently?

5. In which type of connection do components have the same voltage across them?

 

Exercise 2. Find in the text above the English equivalents of the follow- ing word combinations

1. простейшие цепи; 2. делить поровну; 3. замыкать цепь; 4. двухпозиционный выключатель; 5. зажечь лампу; 6. пара «переклю- чатель – лампа»; 7. половина напряжения батареи.

 

Unit 4. Conductors and insulators