Reduction of social contacts. Deprivation means lack of something necessary, when it isn't possible to person to satisfy this or that important need

Deprivation means lack of something necessary, when it isn't possible to person to satisfy this or that important need.

"Mental starvation" (психическое голодание).

Deprivations:

1. social л: limitation of contacts;

2. sensory ['sen(t)s(ə)rɪ] deprivation: reduction of inflow of irritants ['ɪrɪt(ə)nts] (поступление раздражителей) — e.g. sights and sounds;

3. role deprivation: impossibility carry out social roles (of a husband, father etc);

4. sexual deprivation: lack of female society;

5. information deprivation: shortage of information.

The influence of these factors depends on:

1. type of vessels

2. number of crew members

3. voyage duration

4. geographical length of the voyage

5. frequency of social contacts

Undivided household and working spheres of life activity (неразделенность бытовой и производственной сфер жизнедеятельности)increases “density” of communicative contacts, mixture of business and personal, formal and informal spheres of interaction.

The narrowness of interpersonal contacts with the same persons makes communication forced ( принудительный). A private life of each person on board procceds before all crew members’ eyes, "publicity " of feelings, inevitability of violation of privacy, invasion into "territorial waters" of each other makes the person look for means of psychological defence (психологическая защита). The way out (выход из ситуации):self-isolation, signs of autism* (['ɔːtɪz(ə)m] – “уход в себя”)

*Autism is a mental condition (психич. состояние) characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people.

Contradiction ( противоречие):

· on the one hand, on board the ship a person suffers from deficiency of communication, and

· on the other hand, he seeks for restriction of the mo’notonous, forced contacts (одноообразные, вынужденные контакты).

Risk factor

Extra risk & responsibility for the ship’s safety even more strengthens crew members' state of tension and uneasiness (состояние напряженности и тревожности).

Psychological compatibility ([kəmˌpætə'bɪlətɪ] совместимость) at Sea

Selectivity ( избирательность) is the quality of carefully choosing someone as the best or most suitable. Selectivity of interpersonal relations increases in the crew.

"Psychological compatibility" in the crew is not identical to the conceptof "emotional proximity" (эмоциональная близость) of crewmembers

The hierarchy (['haɪərɑːkɪ] - иерархия) of personality traits (личностные качества человека) for compatibility and ability to work effectively here has its own specifics. To choose a partner for personal contact, a crew member shows special sensitivity to such personal qualities which can break the guaranteed security of his own "ego" ( ['iːgəu] – эго, «я»).

Qualities causing irritation and increases tension:

importunity ( назойливость, навязчивость), open-heartedness (распахнутость чувств), or excessive 'authori'tativeness (чрезмерная авторитарность)

Qualities are welcomed in the partner:

conservatism, self-possession (самообладание), restraint (сдержанность), endurance ([ınʹdjʋ(ə)rəns] стойкость, способность терпеть), uncompromising stand (бескомпромиссность).

As it turns out compatible partners in a crew aren't sensitively emotional people; uneasiness (тревожность) and dependence aren't typical to them.

'' If a person doesn’t want to be isolated from communication, he needs to reconsider the developed stereotypes of behavior, to choose the style of relationship corresponding to the established "rules of the game".

Communication which does not concern deep valuable structures of the personality necessary for switching to life ashore allows to keep the main working dominant (общение, которое не затрагивает глубинных ценностных структур личности, необходимых для переключения к жизни на берегу, позволяет сохранить главную рабочую доминанту).

Group isolation conditions do not affect all people equally. It depends on:

ñ age of the person;

ñ length of service on vessels;

ñ education;

ñ position on board;

ñ psychological status, etc.

People with a long record of service on sea-going vessels are characterised by narrowness and specialization of aspirations ([͵æspıʹreıʃ(ə)n] cтремления) and interests, calmness, phlegm ([flem] – флегматичность, хладнокровие), jealous attitude ([ʹdʒeləs] ревностное отношение) to their psychological status, a peculiar emotional conservatism.

Extroverts and people with traits of neurotism bear hard long isolation, than introverts, but the latter bring in a minor tone ([ʹmaınə] минорный тон) in communication, ‘pessimism affecting the general activity (общая активность)of group.