2014-09-04
948
V. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. При нагревании это соединение преобразуется в органическое вещество.
2. Им удалось провести опыт.
3. Реакция идет очень медленно и требует нескольких часов кипячения раствора.
4. Ученые полагают, что открыли новое соединение.
5. Этот прибор используют для измерения давления.
6. Ученые синтезировали такие важные соединения как метиловый и этиловый спирты, метан, бензол и ацетилен.
VI. Match the names of organic chemistry reactions with their descriptions:
| Free radical reaction | a | is a reaction where negative ions are produced and attack on positive sides. For example the carbonyl carbon is partially positive charged and negative ions will attack on the carbon easily. | |
| Nucleophilic reaction | b | It is the reaction in which small organic molecules called as monomers combined together to give a large chain of macro molecule called as polymer. | |
| Electrophilic reaction | c | is a reaction where radicals are formed and initiate it. For example bromination of methane involves formation of bromine free radical to proceed the reaction. | |
| Addition reaction | d | is a reaction where a molecule is eliminated from an organic compound to give unsaturated compound. For example ethyl bromide on elimination in the presence of alcoholic KOH gives ethene. CH3-CH2-Br → CH2=CH2 + HBr | |
| Elimination reaction | e | is a reaction where positive ions are produced and attack on negative sides. For example benzene ring is a rich source of Î electrons. Hence all the reactions will proceed with the attack of this electron by positively charged ions | |
| Oxidation reaction | f | It is the reaction in which an atom or group is replaced by another atom or group in an organic compound. | |
| Reduction reaction | g | It is the type of reaction where two organic compounds combine together to give one compound by elimination of simple molecules like water. | |
| Condensation reaction | h | is a reaction where an atom or group is added across an unsaturated bond. | |
| Polymerization reaction | i | It is the type of reaction where oxygen is added or hydrogen is removed from an organic compound. For example ethyl alcohol on strong oxidation in the presence of acidified potassium permanganate gives acetic acid. | |
| Substitution reaction | j | It is the type of reaction where oxygen is removed or hydrogen is added to an organic compound. For example acetone on reduction with lithium aluminum hydride gives 2-propanol. |
A,1-c,4-h,3-e,5-d,6-I,7-j,8-g,9-b,10-f
