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24. Постарайтесь запомнить следующие слова:
| ton – тонна | to embrace – охватывать |
| oil-bearing – нефтеносный | amount – количество |
| oil-producing – нефтедобывающий | level – уровень |
| cure – лечить | leading oil powers – ведущие нефтяные державы |
| disease – болезнь | oil-field – промысел |
| deposit – залежь | to estimate – оценивать |
Прочтите текст и скажите, какие утверждения не соответствуют тексту.
1. The history of our oil industry dates back to the old times.
2. The history of our oil industry dates back to the postwar period.
3. The oil industry of our country has gone through three stages.
4. At present 4 million tons are produced in less than four days.
The history of our oil industry dates back to the old times. At that time already oil was for the people the source of light, fuel and means to cure diseases. The oil industry of our country has gone through two stages of development. The first was the restoration and technical reconstruction of the old oil-fields of Baku, Grozny and Krasnodar. The second stage embraces the intensive geological exploration and discovery of oil and gas fields in the eastern and other parts of the country. The oil industry in this country began its development in 1920 with 4 million tons. At present this amount is produced in less than four days. The most remarkable achievement of recent years has been the establishment of new oil-producing centres in Western Siberia.
25. Выучите диалог:
A: By the way, what can you say about petroleum engineering education in the near
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future?
B: You see, I think that changes occur very gradually. As you know we have not seen any big changes in petroleum engineering education lately.
A: Oh, you doubt?
B: You are right. I do doubt that we will have any monumental changes in curriculum.
A: But you know that the advances made in computer technology have affected all education in the past.
B: I am greatly interested in the qualification of the future petroleum engineers. I’d like to know your opinion on this point.
A: I think that the petroleum engineer of the future will need a better understanding of economics. I also think that he will have better communication skills, both oral and written.
B: You are quite right. I want to say that the petroleum engineer needs a better overall view of drilling, production, reservoir engineering, geology, and geophysics.
A: I suppose so. Many things should be done to solve these problems.
26. Английский юмор:
Jimmy: I’ve added these numbers ten times.
Teacher: Good boy.
Jimmy: And here are the ten answers.
УРОК 2
Грамматика: 1. Видовременные формы глагола (группы Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect).
2. Значение и употребление слова it.
Текст: The System of Petroleum Education in Our Country.
1. Прочитайте следующие слова:
- call, all, more;
- laboratory, always;
- number, under, other, study, some, such;
- gas, carry, than, that, has, practical;
- many, level, present, seven, method;
- even, field, between, free, receive;
- paid, education, later, enumerate, main;
- October, grown, close, most;
- new, usually, computer, future, unity.
2. Прочитайте следующие слова, обращая внимание на ударение:
government [ ], petrochemical [ ], polytechnical [ ], reservoir[ ], nowadays[ ], society [ ], maintenance [ ].
3. Запомните следующие слова и словосочетания:
carry out – проводить (исследования)
comprise – заключать в себе, охватывать
decree – декрет
drilling – бурение
reservoir engineering – разработка пласта-коллектора
prospecting - разведка
enumerate – перечислять
extra-mural – заочное (обучение)
faculty – факультет
full-time (part-time) education – дневное (вечернее) обучение
level – уровень
maintenance grant – стипендия
master – изучать
nowadays – в наше время, теперь
practical training – практика
provide – обеспечивать
publish – публиковать
separate – отдельный
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single out – отбирать, выбирать
research – научные исследования
unity – единство
well-equipped – хорошо оборудованный
work-shop – мастерская
a great number – много
free of charge – бесплатный
as to – что касается
4. Подберите из правой колонки правильный перевод английских слов и словосочетаний:
1) to pay great attention 1) перечислять
2) to single out 2) стипендия
3) to comprise 3) дневное и вечернее обучение
4) branch 4) выделиться
5) to enumerate 5) уделять большое внимание
6) full-time and part-time education 6) филиал
7) unity 7) под руководством
8) in close connection with 8) единство
9) under the guidance 9) в тесной связи с …
10) maintenance grant 10) охватывать
5. Переведите на русский язык следующие сочетания слов без словаря:
to pay great attention to …, the level of petroleum education, a great number of new specialities, the educational period, full-time and part-time education, extra-mural (correspondence), well-equipped laboratory, to master mathematics, as to the foreign language, in close connection with, oil refinery, pipeline construction site, student`s scientific society, free of charge, to receive maintenance grants.
6. Определите значения выделенных слов по сходству их корней с корнями соответствующих слов в русском языке:
to publish the decree, the organization of the Moscow Mining Academy, a separate petroleum institute, gas industry, the system of education, special institutes, some faculties, polytechnical institutes, traditional specialities, geological and geophysical prospecting of oil and gas fields, production methods, pipeline transportation, typical oil institute, educational period, the main idea, academic, practical education, well-equipped laboratories, computer classes, mathematics, physical.
7. Определите по суффиксам, какой частью речи являются следующие слова, и переведите их на русский язык:
attention – attentive, educational – education, industrial – industry, traditional – tradition, type – typical, usual – usually, main – mainly, connect – connection, academy – academic, practice – practical – practicable, guide – guidance, independent – independence.
8. Переведите на русский язык следующие отглагольные существи-тельные:
drilling, prospecting, drawing.
9. Переведите:
а) следующие прилагательные с суффиксом – al:
educational, technical, geological, chemical, petrochemical, polytechnical, traditional, geophysical, typical, practical;
б) существительные с суффиксом – ion (– tion, – ation):
attention, education, revolution, organization, tradition, construction, operation, specialization, connection;
в) существительные с суффиксом – ment:
achievement, development, department, equipment, improvement;
г) запомните суффикс прилагательного и наречия–fold (обозначает увеличение
в определенное количество раз)
twofold (two-fold) – двойной, удвоенный, вдвое, в два раза.
Переведите: manyfold, tenfold, thousandfold, eightfold.
10. Определите значение слова “branch” в контексте (branch – отрасль, филиал, отделение, ветвь):
1. Russia has hundreds of branches and types of production. 2. The development of the petrochemical industry, fuel and energy complexes, metallurgy and leading branches of the engineering industry becomes very important for the heavy industry and other branches of the national economy. 3. The Institute has its branches in five industrial cities of our country.
11. Запомните:
as – как; в качестве; так как; поскольку; в то время как; когда; по мере того как
as a rule – как правило
as well as – а также (и); так же, как (и)
as to – что касается; относительно; о.
Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
1. The total number of students of a university includes full-time students as well as the students who study at the evening or correspondence departments. 2. As a rule, every university has also post-graduate courses. 3. The students may leave the Petroleum University as oil engineers, mechanical engineers, etc. 4. The outer zone of the earth, known as the earth’s crust, is the zone on which we live. 5. As the university is in close connection with oil industry, the students take practical training at oil refineries, oil fields and other industrial enterprises of our country. 6. As to the foreign languages a student may study English, German, French languages.
12. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность союза that (что, который) that (those) - заменитель существительного): it is … that - именно, как раз
1. It is known that our country has always paid attention to the education of petroleum engineers. 2. The equipment that the postgraduates have used for carrying out their experiments is of modern design. 3. It was clear that computers performed the work that man could not. 4. At present the system of petroleum education in our country is more complex than that before World War II. 5. It is due to Gubkin’s works that we know the origin of oil. 6. The level of petroleum education is many times greater than that in 1930.
13. Запомните спряжение глагола “to study” в действительном залоге:
| Неопределённые времена | Продолженные Времена | Перфектные времена |
| I study – я обучаюсь (учусь) I studied – я учился I shall study – я буду учиться | I am studying – я учусь I was studying – я учился I shall be studying – я буду учиться | I have studied – я изучил I had studied – я изучил I shall have studied – я изучу |
| Указывают только на совершение действия в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем; на русский язык переводятся глаголами совершенного или несовершенного вида (учить или изучить) в зависимости от контекста | Обозначают развивающееся, незавершенное действие; Используется для того, чтобы придать повествованию большую выразительность, яркость, динамичность; на русский язык переводятся глаголами несовершенного вида (учить, изучать) | Обозначают завершённое, законченное действие; на русский язык, как правило, переводятся глаголами совершенного вида (изучить) |
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