Задание № 5

1. As they participate in the fight for dramatic reforms large sections of the population come to realize the necessity of unity of action with the working class and become more active politically.

2. The Administration, of course, is loath to contemplate such a fundamental change in its foreign policy. The stakes are too high and American bonds with Europe too numerous to permit such a dramatic situation.

3. The Prime Minister's dramatic European move was timed to divert public

attention from the more dismal news of the freeze.

4. There is a popular tendency, among most newsmen and radio and TV commentators, to portray Congressmen as men who are working themselves to death, sweating and suffering heart attacks to serve the people.

5. He seems to have excluded himself from the vice-presidential candidacy at a time when the public opinion polls report that he is more popular than both the

President and the Vice-president.

6. The victory of the popular revolution in Cuba has become a splendid example for the peoples of Latin America.

7. The working class can defeat the reactionary, anti-popular forces, secure a

firm majority in parliament and transform parliament from an instrument serving the class interests of the bourgeoisie into an instrument serving the working people.

8. This year the election falls on November 3. The outcome is generally known the next morning, though formally the balloting takes place in the Electoral College in early December.

9. The Prime Minister will reply to the speeches on Monday, after informal talks last night, this evening and tomorrow with the Commonwealth Prime Ministers, who have been invited in three groups.

10.Soviet people believe that the example provided by the Soviet Union and other nations which are building socialism will convince the people that it is the system that offers the maximum opportunities to develop man's abilities.

11.The essence of the policy of the U.S.S.R. is peace everywhere, freedom and equality for all peoples,' brotherhood and happiness for all nations.

12.This policy will ensure that successive currency crises do not affect the level of economic activity and overall welfare of the nation.

13.The meeting expressed the hope that the remaining points of differences would be settled when the conference is resumed in Geneva.

14.The main item on the agenda, and one over which most differences exist, was the proposed agreement.

15.A conspiracy is being brewed in Wall Street and Washington to deny the people any choice in the Presidential elections. The tactic is to suppress the issues and blur any differences between the Republican and Democratic candidates.

16.A general strike is one which affects an entire industry, an entire locality or a whole country.

17.Disarmament will release for civilian employment millions of people now serving in the armed forces and war industries.

18.This fact is recognition of the weight and power of public opinion, of its growing influence on international developments.

19."Generally speaking," says the Survey, "developments last year were distinctly less encouraging than was expected."

20.Such development would emphasize the region's economic importance and growth potential which would be reflected in its population growth, housing and overspill problems.

21.The Prime Minister said that the Government was prepared to set up publicly owned enterprises in the development areas.

22.Whereas, before 1914, only professional diplomats were entrusted with international negotiations, a new development began to take place; the appearance of statesmen on the scene, and the creation of a number of permanent international bodies composed of delegates, most of whom were not in the diplomatic service of their country.

23.Already very many sections of the Labour, trade union and cooperative movements support policies on these lines. Their members number millions.

24.To get the kind of Budget the country needs means a fight for a different

policy within the Labour movement.

25.The local elections give an opportunity to press for such a policy especially by voting for the Communist candidates who are putting it forward.

26.The differing agricultural policies of the Twelve * and the question of supranational authorities in Europe were two other obstacles which the former Foreign Secretary mentioned in Parliament in July.

27.The House of Representatives in that Congress was controlled by the Democrats.

28.With 21 million Black people South Africa — with a white population of five million — is controlled by a tiny minority.

29.The Tory-controlled Municipal Council was serving the interests of big business and did not show any concern about the fate of homeless people.

Задание № 6 Переведите на русский язык:

JAPAN: YOU CAN GO HOME AGAIN

Seven hundred miles north of smog-choked Tokyo, an emerald green island rises from the sea. At this time of the year, the air is fresh with the scent of honeysuckle and pine. The waters that wash the island's volcanic benches are unpolluted, and the deep pools that form among the rocks offshore are rich in abalone.

The Japanese families who live in small fishing villages nestled at the foot of the island's craggy basalt cliffs make a good living from the sea. Most own comfortable homes, and many even have color television sets. But for all its beauty and economic vigor, a dark cloud hangs over the isle today. For like many of Japan's rural areas, the island of Rebun seems to be dying.

The last ten years of economic boom have produced a severe labour shortage in Japan, leading millions of young people to forsake the villages of their ancestors and flock to the bright lights and fat salaries of the big cities. More than 500 Japanese villages have dropped off the map completely. Others have lost almost all their young people. More than 10,000 persons lived on Rebun in 1956; about 6,000 remain today. This year, 148 of the island's 166 15-year-olds moved away.

Rebun has now launched a vigorous new program to stem the tide. The island is investing $380,000 in a new sports center to help young people while away the long harsh winters. And Mayor Kanzaburo Mukose is talking of opening up the island's lush interior to beef-and dairy-cattle ranching. What the leaders of Rebun really want, though, is for more of the island's young men to recognize the traditional values of the fishing life. As an incentive, the local government this year is giving a free fishing boat to any boy who opts for the sea. So far there have been fourteen takers. One who decided to remain on Rebun is Shinichi Sasaki, 15. "We have been here for three generations," his father, also a fisherman, proudly told our correspondent.

In addition to tempting teenagers like Shinichi to stay, Rebun is trying to persuade those who have left to come back.

This year, teams of fishermen visited Tokyo, Osaka and Sapporo to seek out the island's youngsters. 'First of all,' said the Mayor, 'we wanted to make sure they were leading good clean lives. Cities tend to corrupt simple island people. And then we began asking them to come home.' The teams persuaded a dozen to return. Other small Japanese towns report up to 40 per cent of their high-school graduates returning disillusioned after two or three years of employment in urban industry.

But Rebun has another, potentially even more important weapon in the battle for survival. This summer hundreds of teenagers from Japan's cities have flocked to the island. They have come clutching their guitars and wearing their backpacks, lured by the outdoor life and the people's gentle ways. Most have left, but some 30 youngsters have preferred to stay. A few have even shown an interest in learning the fishing trade and staying on.

For the fishermen of Rebun, the notion that young outsiders may choose to adopt their way of life is both fascinating and perplexing. 'After all,' said Mukose, 'isn't it rather strange that we have to fight to keep our youngsters here while more and more kids from the city come here every year?' But for the first time, an increasing number of young Japanese are rebelling against their materialistic, career-oriented society and like their brethren in Europe and US, looking for alternative life-styles.