Cages and Net-Pens

Culture cages and net-pens are structures placed in a natural environment and stocked with fish for grow out. The only real difference between the two is size. Cages tend to be relatively small (a typical cage has a volume of 1 or 2 m²) while net-pens are often several meters on a side and 10 to20 meters deep. Cage culture has been practiced to a limited extent by catfish farmers. For example, in Arkansas (where leasing of state lakes for cage culture operations is possible), catfish have been commercially produced in cages. Cages have been used by researchers. Most cage culture is conducted in freshwater environment, while net-pens are most commonly used in the marine environment. Net-pen culture has been restricted to protected waters, but recently, net-pen engineering has advanced to the stage that open sea pens are now available that can withstand storms without damage.

8.4 Give English equivalents:

Естественная среда, период роста, садок, сетевой садок, инкубатор, ступенчатые уклоны, открытое море.