Study the new words. Learn them

1. cardiovascular system - сердечнососудистая система

2. blood circulation - кровообращение

3. artery - артерия

4. vein – вена

5. capillary - капиляр

6. blood vessel - кровеносный сосуд

7. to pump blood - выталкивать кровь

8. oxygen-poor blood – кровь, бедная кислородом

9. oxygen-rich blood – кровь, обогащённая кислородом

10. chamber of the heart - камера сердца

11. atrium (atria) - предсердие

12. ventricle - желудочек

13. valve - клапан

14. cardiac cycle - сердечный цикл

15. vascular system – сосудистая система

16. pulmonary system - лёгочная система

17. to separate-разделять

18. portal system – венозная система

Read the text. Pay attention to the new words for better understanding.

The Cardiovascular System

The cardiovascular system is the system of blood circulation. It includes the heart, the arteries, the veins and the capillaries.

The centre of the circulatory system is the heart. The heart is the size of about two fists. The normal weight of the heart is about half of one per cent of the total body weight. The human heart contracts from the first moment of life to the last one.

The contractions of the heart pump blood through the arteries to all parts of the body. Blood flows through your body using your blood vessels such as capillaries, veins and arteries. When the oxygen-poor blood goes to your lungs, the blood will be oxygen-rich and will give oxygen to your whole body and does this over and over again.

There are four chambers in the heart. There are two chambers on the top and two chambers on the bottom. The top two chambers are called the atria. There's a left atrium and a right atrium. They receive blood returning to the heart from the body and lungs. The bottom two chambers are the ventricles. There is also a right ventricle and a left ventricle. The ventricles give the blood to the body and lungs. The valves separate the atria from the ventricles. The valves are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.

Each beat of the heart is followed by a period of rest for the cardiac muscle. Each wave of contraction and period of rest of the heart compose a cardiac cycle.

The vascular system consists of three groups of vessels – arteries, veins and capillaries. The vessels carrying blood to and from the tissues of the body compose the general system. They are called the systemic vessels. The pulmonary system is formed by the vessels carrying blood to and from the lungs. The portal system is formed by the veins passing to the liver.

Write down the physical features of the heart. Speak about the heart according to the plan