C) in constructions of the following kind

e.g. That it should come to this! (И до чего дошло дело!)

То think that it should come to this! (Только подумать, до

чего дошло дело!)

will and would

The use of will and would which denotes an actual fact in the past is parallel in the following cases:

1 ) When they express habitual or recurrent actions,

e.g. She will (would) sit for hours under the old oak tree looking at the beautiful country around her (...любит [любила] си- деть, обычно сидит [сидела]...).

In addition to indicating a habitual action, will (would) in this case implies willingness, personal interest on the part of the doer of the action. Will (would) in this meaning is found in affirmative sentences and is followed by the simple infinitive.

In present-time contexts will in this meaning is not common. In past-time contexts would is mainly characteristic of literary style.

e.g. Then there were weekends when he would ride over to the house of one farmer or another and spend a couple of nights on the hills.

2) When they express refusal to perform an action, e.g. The doctor knows I won't be operated on.

He was wet through, but he wouldn't change.

This meaning is found in negative sentences; will (would) is followed by the simple infinitive. In Russian it is usually ren- dered as никак не хочу, ни за что не хотел.

When they are used with lifeless things to show that a thing fails to perform its immediate function.

e.g. My fountain pen won't (wouldn't) write. The door won't (wouldn't) open.

In this meaning will (would) is found in negative sentences and is followed by the simple infinitive. In Russian it is usually rendered as никак не пишет {не писала), никак не открывает ся (неоткрывалась) and the like.

4) When they are used with the first person to express will, in- tention or determination, e.g. "Damn it!" he thought, "I'm going to get out of this hole. I

will make money." I am an Englishman, and I will suffer no priest to interfere in

my business.

I said I would do anything for him. We decided that we wouldn't interfere.

This meaning is found in affirmative and negative sentences. The present tense will, in addition to expressing its modal meaning, serves to refer an action to the future; the past tense would is gen- erally used in reported speech and also serves to refer an action to the future but in this case it is viewed from a past moment.

§ 115. The use of will and would which expresses unreality in the present or serves as a milder or more polite form of will is parallel in the following cases:

1) in interrogative sentences where they express willingness,