Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who to do it. It involves anticipating the future and conciously
Choosing the future course of action.
“According to Haimann, Planning is the function that determines in advance what should be done.”
Nature of Planning
Planning is goal-oriented
Planning is a primary function
Planning is all-pervasive
Planning is a continuous process
Planning is forward-looking
Planning involves choice
Planning is directed toword efficiency
PROCESS OF PLANNING
The main step in planning proccess are as follow:-
Step 1- DEFINE THE TASK-
Step 2- IDENTIFY RESOURCES-
Step 3- CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE-
step 4- CREATE THE PLANNING-
Step 5- WORK THE PLAN-
Step 6- EVALUATE-
Importance of planning
Focuses attention on objectives and result
Reduces uncertainty and risk
Provides sense of direction
Encourages innovation and creativity
Helps in co-ordination
Guides decision-making
Provide efficiency in operation
Limitation of planning
Lack of accurate information
Time and cost
Resistance to change
Lock of ability to plans
False sense of security
Environmental constraints