The passive voice

Времена страдательного залога образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени и формы причастия прошедшего времени (Past Participle) смыслового глагола. При спряжении глагола в страдательном залоге иpменяется только глагол to be, смысловой же глагол имеет во всех временах одну и ту же форму – Past Participle.

Active: Picasso painted that picture.

Passive: That picture was painted by Picasso.

Present Simple He delivers letters. Letters are delivered.

Past Simple He delivered the letters. The letters were delivered.

Future Simple He will deliver the letters. The letters will be delivered.

Present Continuous He is delivering the letters. The letters are being delivered.

Past Continuous He was delivering the letters. The letters were being delivered.

Present Perfect He has delivered the letters. The letters have been delivered.

Past Perfect He had delivered the letters. The letters had been delivered.

Future Perfect He will have delivered the letters The letters will have been delivered.

Modals He may deliver the letters. The letters may be delivered.

He must deliver the letters. The letters must be delivered.

CРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТАБЛИЦА ГЛАГОЛЬНЫХ ФОРМ В АКТИВНОМ И ПАССИВНОМ ЗАЛОГАХ

АКТИВНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

	Simple	Continuous	Perfect
Present	build	am /is/ are building	have / has built
Past	built	was /were building	had built
Future	will build		will have built

ПАССИВНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ

	Simple	Continuous	Perfect
Present	am /is /are built	am is /are being built	has / have been built
Past	was / were built	was / were being built	had been built
Future	will be built		will have been built

Passive (present, past and future simple)

Present simple tense of verb to be (am, is, are/was,were/will be) +past participle

Active Passive The Italians eat a lot of pasta. A lot of pasta is eaten by Italians. They sold heir house very quickly. Their house was sold very quickly. They will invite Tom. Tom will be invited.

Упр. 50. Определите в каком залоге (активном или пассивном) стоит глагол в

Предложениях.

1. The exercises are written. 8. Many lorries are made in Minsk.

2. The tickets are sold every day. 9. Many tractors are made in Belarus.

3. She reads books every day. 10. The answer is sent in time.

4. The shops are closed at 7. 11. The letter is received.

5. They often write letters. 12. A new house is built in our street.

6. She always answers well. 13. The question is answered well.

7. The cup is broken by John. 14. She reads well.