2015-04-30
3971
Подлежащее + глагол-сказуемое + инфинитив
He is said
You are supposed
to be living in France. to do the washing up
Socrates is known to be the Great Greek philosopher and orator. A talkative young man wanted Socrates to teach him oratory. He begged Socrates to hear him speak on some subject. Socrates let him talk as much as he liked and then said: "You must pay me double price, for I'll have to teach you two sciences: how to speak and how to hold your tongue."
11. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на субъектный инфинитивный оборот.
1. The lecture was said to be very interesting.
2. The members of the committee are reported to come to an agreement.
3. The English delegation is believed to come at the end of the month.
4. She seems to know English and French.
5. He proved to be a good teacher.
6. This school is considered to be the best in the town.
7. The weather appears to be improving.
8. The doctor happened to be there at the time of the accident.
9. She seems to be waiting for you.
10. Lake Baikal is said to be the deepest in the world.
11. This picture proved to be the best at the exhibition.
12. These two scientists happened to work on the same problem.
12. Закончите следующие предложения, употребляя простой или перфектный инфинитив... (в активе или пассиве):
1. The speed of the car is known to....
2. Mars is expected to....
3. The diesel engine is known to....
4. The results are supposed to...
5. The atmosphere of Saturn is assumed to....
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6. The radio was thought to...
7. The calculations were considered to....
8. The new system was believed to...
9. The scientist is always supposed to.
10. The match is reported to...
11. The road is expected to..
12. The design is said to....
13. Переведите следующие предложении на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные конструкции:
1. A lot of people came to watch the ocean liner return home after a long voyage.
2. Everybody thought him to be quite a reliable person.
3. The captain declared the load to be too much for his small boat
4. He seems to know a great deal about the history of navigation.
5. The boat, though very small, proved to be quite reliable.
6. The 20th century is considered to be the century of space travels.
7. The motor proved to be quite efficient
8. Atomic ice-breakers are known to operate on a negligible quantity of atomic fuel.
9. The results of the test were found to be very interesting.
10. I know them to be working on the problem of protecting the cosmonauts from the effect of sun radiation
11. Rubber is known to have been brought from America.
12. Ink is supposed to have been invented in Egypt.
13. We expected him to be appointed director of a new automobile plant.
14. This question appears to be of great importance.
15. The plan proved to be a great success.
16. The travellers found the people of the small island (to be) very friendly.
17. They reported the capacity of the new engine to have been increased.
18. The owner of the motor car wanted the old engine to be replaced.
14. а) Проанализируйте функции, в которых употребляются слова one, ones, б) Затем переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа значения этих слов.
Функции слов one, ones
1. Не has given me one of his English books.
2. One must always observe traffic rules.
3. He hasn't got a radio-set, he wants to buy one.
4. Those texts are too long, we need shorter ones
1. I shall have to buy a new coat for myself and another one for my sister.
2. One thing is clear to everybody: one must study hard if one wants to pass one's exammations.
3. This TV set is very expensive, show me another one.
4. One never knows what may happen.
5. What other methods will they use? The one they are using now is not very effective.
6. The more one studies, the more one knows.
7. These trucks are too small, they will need bigger ones.
8. This apparatus is more powerful than the one installed in our laboratory.
9. He is one of the most experienced drivers.
10. This article is much more difficult than the one we translated yesterday.
15. a) 11роана-1изируйте случаи употребления слов that, those, б) Затем переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения этих слов.
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Функции слов that, those
1. Give me that textbook please. (Give me those textbooks.)
2. That was a hard day. (Those were hard days.)
3. He thought that they would arrive tomorrow. 4.1 will show you the engine that we must test.
5. The year on the Earth is twice as short as that on Mars.
6. That he is a good driver is a well-known fact.
1. I am afraid that he has fallen ill.
2. That he agreed to help his friends is only natural.
3. She said that she would come back in ten minutes.
4. The book that you gave me is very interesting
5. The question that was discussed at the meeting yesterday is very important.
6. That happened the year when I entered the Institute.
7. Those children are always very noisy.
8. He thought that all those things were not important.
9. That was the thing that he wanted.
10. The towns and cities that were destroyed during the war have been all reconstructed.
16. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на значения слов one (ones), that (those).
This dictionary is very large, show me a smaller one
One should be very attentive when taking notes at the lecture.
3 The trouble is that they haven't calculated the exact speed of the car
4 This device is an ordinary one
5. He said that the question should be discussed at once
6. This advanced method allows one to get good results.
7. They knew that die building had collapsed
8 One should be very careful when crossing the street
9. That was the distance that they covered in one hour.
10 The properties of gold are different from those of iron.
11 One never knows what to expect in this case
12. This was one of the reasons for extending the bus route.
13.The problems of water supply in this town are as important as those of lighting and heating.
17. I lepe ведите следующие предложения без словаря, обращая внимание на слова, образованные по способу конверсии.
1 Besides his work Einstein liked most of all playing the violin and boating.
2 He didn't know her likes and dislikes
3. A small boat couldn't hold so many people.
4 They supply us with all necessary information
5 Our supplies of fuel have come to an end.
6. When was this ship built?
7. The supplies are shipped to Antarctic Stations in summer.
8 It was a fine day, and many people were boating on the lake.
9 There was no wind and the sails were down.
The ships sailed across the Atlantic as early as the 15th century. 11 A submarine of this design can cross the Arctic under water.
12. Large supplies of fuel were stored during summer.
13. Fuelling stations are situated along the highway.
14. Will you step aside, please?
15. He took one step forward. 1.6 Can you repair my watch?
17 The house needs only small repairs
18 1 didn't like his last remark.
19. He remarked on the kind of work they would have to carry out.
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LISTENING PRACTICE
1. There is one part of the Western Atlantic Ocean which has a very strange history. From time to time ships and planes vanish in this area. It lies between Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico and is known as "The Bermuda Triangle". The Bermuda Triangle got its name from a mysterious event which took place on the 5th of December 1945
a) Listen to the report of this event and be ready to answer the following questions.
1 What was the weather like on the 5th of December 1945?
2. How many officers were going to make a flight to Bermuda?
3. What was the duration of the flight they planned to make? 4 Why did one of the officers want to stay at the base?
5. Did the officers make their flight in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening or at night?
6 What happened during the flight?
7. What did the Navy do to find the planes?
8 How many planes and people vanished on that day?
b) Retell the story.
c) You heard the report of the event over the radio. Tell your friends about
it.
2. Some records show that since 1945 near the Bermuda Triangle over 100 planes and ships have disappeared and more than 1000 people have
been lost. There are different explanations for these disappearances. You can find some of them below. They are based on legends, experience and facts.
Look through them and say which of them you consider to be the most convincing.
1) There are sea monsters which pull boats down to the sea bed.
2) There are visitors from outer space who take them to an unknown
planet.
3) There are extreme weather conditions in this part of the world (huge waves and cyclones).
4) The Bermuda Triangle is one of the two places on the earth where a magnetic compass does not point towards true north.
5) The Bermuda Triangle does not exist and all the accidents that happened there are simply a coincidence.
6) There are small earthquakes here which create sea storms that pull the ships down to the sea bed.
7) There are caves ("blue holes") under the water which create a whirlpool that sinks ships.
8) Planes fly into holes in the sky and disappear there.
a) Listen to one of the explanations of the Bermuda Triangle secret in detail. Do you find it convincing7 If not, give your reasons.
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b) Read the transcript of the text on p. 433. Look up the words you do not know in your dictionary.
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| ORAL PRACTICE |
1. Topic. The historic voyage you wish you had taken part in.
In childhood almost all of us were fascinated by the adventures of great travellers. The most exciting adventures of them happened when travelling by water. Which of the historic voyages do you wish you had taken part in? Speaking about this voyage present information on:
1) the time the voyage took place;
2) the name of the person who organized and led it;
3) the people who took pait in it;
4) the place the travellers wanted to reach and why;
5) the places the travellers visited during their voyage;
6) the difficulties the travellers had to overcome;
7) what you would have done during this voyage;
8) why this voyage seems so interesting to you.
2. Pairwork. Think of some good questions to the following answers. The answers needn't be true.
1. Slowly. 6. On the island.
2. Till 5 o'clock. 7. About 60 miles.
3. Only a few books. 8. Round the village.
4. Owing to his help. 9. In the 21st century. 5. Quite reliable. 10 Anything.
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3. A representative of the industry turns to a clerk at the Transportation. Agency to hire transport in order to deliver some goods.
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE INDUSTRY: Choose the goods you should deliver (Table 1) and turn to the clerk at the Transportation Agency to hire a means of transport.
CLERK AT THE TRANSPORTATION AGENCY: Recommend to your client the means of transport which are available at the moment (Table 2) for each section of the route.
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4. Discussion. One of the world's greatest mystery stories is about the lost continent of Atlantis The people who believe in its existence think that it was in the Atlantic Ocean between North America, Europe and Africa 12,000 years ago. One day Atlantis disappeared in the waters of the ocean because of a violent earthquake There are also people who don't believe in the existence of Atlantis All of them have their own arguments. Did Atlantis exist or not?
| Land transport | Water transport |
| passenger train | ferry |
| cargo train | barge |
| lorry | cargo ship |
| bus | tankcT |
| crane |
| Cargo | Route |
| coal | К - Л |
| timber | В-С |
| cars | I.-к |
| cars | L - Л |
| tomatoes | L-A |
a) Read the following arguments for and against the existence of Atlantis.
| For | Against |
| 1. Plato wrote about Atlantis in his "Dialogues". 2. Plato learned of Atlantis from Egyptians who said that the people of Atlantis had had a very advanced civilization. 3. On the land under the Atlantic Ocean scientists found hills and mountains which had once been above water. 4. In the Atlantic Ocean scientists found old parts of buildings and walls which are considered to have been part of an earlier civilization. | 1. Atlantis is only a myth. 2. Atlantis is a myth of Greeks, Egyptians, Babylonians and even Amen can Indians about a land where people lived in happiness. 3. People are eager to believe mysteries. 4. 12,000 years ago people couldn't have had an advanced civilization. |
b) Discuss the problem in groups of 3-5 students in order to make a decision.
c) Fill in the chart and give your reasons.
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | |
| Atlantis never existed on Earth. | ||||
| Atlantis existed in the Atlantic Ocean long ago. |
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READING PRACTICE
1. a) Since the early dayi people have tried to me riven, lake* aad sea* for transportation. They Improved the design of ships aad there appeared new types of them daring Merest periods. Read the text "Water Transport" and fill in the table following it with information about ships.
TEXT 9A WATER TRANSPORT
1. One of the most important things about water transport is the small effort needed to move floating craft. A heavy boat or a barge weighing several tons can be moved through the water, slowly but steadily, by one man An aeroplane of the same weight as the barge needs engines of 1,000 horsepower or more in order to fly.
2 The raft made of logs of wood is supposed to be the earliest type of boat.
Rafts seem to be clumsy vessels, although the Norwegian scientist Thor Heyerdahl and his five companions in 1947 made a voyage on the raft Kon- Tiici from Peru to Tuamotu Islands - a distance of 4,500 miles
3. The water transport in ancient times developed most rapidly on great rivers. The ancient Romans used vessels to carry their armies and supplies to colonies. These ships, usually called galleys, continued to be used in the Mediterranean till 1750.
4 The introduction of the magnetic compass allowed long voyages to be made with much greater safety. At the end of the 15th century, sailing vessels are known to have carried men from Europe to America and round Africa to India
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The middle of the 19th century proved to be the highest point in the development of sailing ships
4. Steam and Motor Ships. One of the earliest steamboats is known to have been tested at the end of the 18th century. The first steamship to cross the Atlantic was the Savannah, 98-foot ship built in New York, which made the crossing in 1819. Like all the early steamships, it had sails as well as paddles 1 By the middle of the 19th century it became possible to build much larger ships for iron and steel began to replace timber
5. The rapid increase in the size and power of ships was promoted by the industrial revolution. The industrial countries produced great quantities of goods which were carried to all parts of the world by ships On their return voyages, die ships brought either raw materials such as cotton, metals, timber for the factories, or grain and foodstuffs for the growing population.
During the same period, a great deal was done to improve ports, and that permitted larger ships to use them and to make loading and unloading faster.
6. Improvements introduced in the 20th century included the smoother and more efficient type of engines called steam turbines and the use of oil fuel instead of coal. Between 1910 and 1920 the diesel engine began to be mtroduced in ships These diesel-engmed ships are called motor ships.2 The largest ships, however, are still generally driven by steam turbines. In the late 1950s a few ships were being built which were equipped with nuclear reactors for producing steam.
7. In 1957 the world's first atomic ice-breaker was launched in Leningrad.
This atomic ice-breaker is equipped with an atomic engine owing to which her operatmg on negligible quantities of nuclear fuel is possible In spite of the capacity of her engine being 44,000 h p. it will need only a few grams of atomic fuel a week
The atomic ice-breaker has three nuclear reactors. The operation of the nuclear reactor is accompanied by powerful radiation. Therefore, the icebreaker is equipped with reliable means of protection. The ice-breaker is designed for operation in Arctic waters.
8. Canal Transport. Sea-going ships can use some rivers, such as the Thames in England, the Rhine, and the Volga in Europe and the Mississippi in the United States Generally, however, a river has to be "canalized" before ships can use it This means widening and deepening the channel and protecting its banks so that they do not wash away and block the river with mud.
9. We find the British canals to be quite narrow and shallow.
The canals in Europe are much larger than those in Great Britain France has a big network of canals, centred on Paris, and linking ports of the Atlantic, Mediterranean and English Channel® coasts with each other and with other countries
