The posterior lobe of the hypophysis secretes oxytocin and vasopressin. Physiologists consider oxytocin to intensify the contractions of the uter-

152 О" Learning to Understand a Medical Text

ine muscles and it is therefore used to boost weak labour. We know vasopressin to cause constriction of the blood vessels, especially those of the uterus.

Упражнение 6. Прочтите следующие суждения. Найдите в тексте В пред­ложения, более полно выражающие мысль данных суждений, и прочти­те их.

1. The hypophysis is connected with hypothalamus. 2. There are two lobes in the gland. 3. Hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system of blood vessels supplies blood to the anterior lobe of the hypophysis. 4. Hypo­physis regulates the activity of other endocrine glands. 5. Disfunction of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis is accompanied by changes of differ­ent kind throughout the organism.

Часть III

Контрольно-обобщающие упражнения к уроку 12

Упражнение 1. Найдите и переведите предложения со сложным дополне­нием.

1. Thyroxine is necessary in the body to maintain a normal level of metabolism in all body cells. 2. Parathyroid hormone causes calcium to leave bone tissue and enter the blood stream. 3. Removal of the thymus gland is found to be helpful in treatment of muscular-neurological disor­ders. 4. Cells need oxygen to carry on metabolic processes. 5. We know the pituitary gland to be also called the hypophysis. 6. Pituitary growth hormone acts on bone tissue to accelerate its growth in the body.

(Ответ: 2, 5. Если вы ошиблись, повторите § 26 Грамматического справочника.)

Упражнение 2. Укажите, в каких предложениях использованы составные союзы.

1. Insulin is necessary in the blood stream so that sugars can pass from the blood into the cells of the body. 2. In acute nephritis some glomeruli are more severely involved than others, but practically no glomerulus escapes some injury. 3. Treatment of thyrotoxicosis may include either thyroidectomy or management with antithyroid drugs. 4. The ovaries are held in place on either side of the uterus by the utero-ovarian ligaments. 5. In his last report the professor spoke neither of hyperfunction nor

Lesson 13 О 153

hypofunction of endocrine glandsV 6. Overproduction of glucocorticoids leads not only to obesity, moonlike fullness of the face but also to elevat­ed blood sugar, high blood pressure and weakness (fatigue).

(Ответ: 1, 3, 5, 6. Если вы ошиблись, повторите § 40 Граммати­ческого справочника.)

Упражнение 3. Расшифруйте данные сокращения.

I., f., oz(s), g., lb., 1., ml., cm.

(Ответ: inch, foot (pi feet), ounce(s), gramme (gram), libra (лат. для pound), litre, millilitre, centimetre.)

Упражнение 4. Опишите функции эндокринных желез, используя рис. 12.