Практикум

I.Подберите русские соответствия к следующим именам.

А. Chrys Hudson Lee, Jon Pertwee, Terry Withington, John McCullough, Sylvester Stallone, Winona Ryder, Gwyneth Paltrow, Scarlett Johansson, Isadora Duncan, Sandra Bullock, Kim Basinger, Carl Maria von Weber, Aubrey Herbert, Brian Cohen, Dwight Eisenhower, Eugene Garside, Garry Sweeney, Graham Hancock, Guiseppe Verdi, Heather Griswold, Howard Carter, Ludwig van Beethoven, Lynne Wright, Maxwell Burt, Merrill Bloor, Sheila Stone, Stephen Swan, Henry Harrison, Woodrow Wilson, Zachary Taylor, Duncan Kennedy, Jamie Coomarasamy, Wangari Maathai, Mohamed El Baradei, Emily Turrettini, Julius Strauss, Jean Francois Mullet.

B. Tutankhamen, Amenemhet, Chephren, Menelaus, Euripides, Eurymedon, Phidias, Zeus, Moctezuma, Nebuchadnezzar, Harun al-Rashid, Vladimir Monomach, Peter the Great, Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Alexis, Catherine the Great, Paul Cezanne, Henri Matisse, Tiziano Vecelli, Amedeo Modigliani, Genghis Khan.

II. Найдите в тексте имена, подлежащие транскрипции, и выберите оптимальный звуко-буквенный вариант для перевода их на русский язык в соответствии со сказочным стилем текста.

After only a brief rest they started on their way again. All were eager to get the journey over as quickly as possible, and were willing, tired as they were, to go on marching still for several hours. Gandalf walked in front as before. In his left hand he held up his glimmering staff, the light of which just showed the ground before his feet; in his right hand he held his sword Glamdring. Behind him came Gimli, his eyes glinting in the dim light as he turned his head from side to side. Behind the dwarf walked Frodo, and he had drawn the short sword, Sting. No gleam came from the blades of Sting or of Glamdring; and that was some comfort, for being the work of Elvish smiths in the Elder days these swords shone with a cold light, if any Ores were near at hand. Behind Frodo went Sam, and after him Legolas, and the young hobbits, and Boromir. In the dark at the rear, grim and silent, walked Aragorn.

III. Предложите варианты для передачи имен русских сказочных и фольклорных персонажей.

One of the most ancient and prolific folk genres is the tale. The Russians possess variants of well-known fairy tales such as [ Белоснежка ], [ Дюймовочка ] or [ Золушка ], as well as many original subjects, each in countless different versions. Folk tales are of three kinds: fairy-tales, animal tales and tales of everyday life. Best known are the fairy tales, perhaps originally connected with the primitive shamanistic beliefs of the Ural-Altaic peoples, attributing power over good and evil to the tribal priest-doctor. Their hero is either a prince or [ простолюдин Иванушка Дурачок ], who ultimately marries the princess. Fairy tales all centre on a dangerous quest during which the hero encounters the famous figures of peasant folklore, such as [ баба Яга, которая живет в избушке а курьих ножках ] and [ Кощей Бессмертный ] who can only be killed if the egg that contains his death can be discovered.

Animal tales, probably connected once to animistic beliefs, describe comic encounters between animals, who as in the Brei Rabbit stories, are given a distinguishing human characteristic. Thus, the most popular character [ Лиса Патрикеевна ] specializes in sweet words and flattery. [ Михаил Потапович ] though known for his strength as the “uprooter of trees” is slow and clumsy. Even more stupid is [ Серый волк ] who is constantly outwitted.

IV. Найдите в английском тексте транскрипции древнегреческих имен и определите их русские соответствия при переводе. Сопоставьте английский и русский варианты этих имен и прокомментируйте различия. Какие исторические комментарии могут понадобиться для понимания текста?

When Schliemann read Homer's description of the Gorgon shield of Agamemnon and was told that the buckler strap had been decorated with a figure of a three-headed snake, he accepted all this as gospel truth. The chariots, weapons, and household articles portrayed in detail by Homer were for him part and parcel of ancient Greece. Were all these heroes – Achilles and Patroclus, Hector and Eneas – and this pageant of friendship, hate, love, and high adventure, nothing but mere invention? Schliemann did not think so; to his mind such people and such scenes had actually existed. He was conscious that all Greek antiquity, including the great historians Herodotus and Thukidides, had accepted the Trojan War as an actual event, and its famous names as historical personages.

V. Переведите тексты с английского языка на русский и с русского языка на английский, обращая внимание на имена собственные. Прокомментируйте предложенные русские и английские соответствия.

A. What do you call some of the most unlucky people in Britain?

Justin Case, Barb Dwyer and Stan Still. It sounds like a bad joke, but a study has revealed that there really are unfortunate people with those names in the UK.

Joining them on the list are Terry Bull, Paige Turner, Mary Christmas and Anna Sasin. And just imagine having to introduce yourself to a crowd as Doug Hole or Hazel Nutt.

The names were uncovered by researchers from parenting group TheBabyWebsite.com after trawling through online telephone records. Retired airman Stan Still, 76, from Cirencester, Gloucestershire, said his name had been “a blooming millstone around my neck my entire life”.

“When I was in the RAF my commanding officer used to shout, “Stan Still, get a move on” and roll about laughing,” he said. “It got hugely boring after a while.”

But 51-year-old Rose Bush, from Coventry, West Midlands, said she loved her name. “I always get comments about it but they are always very positive,” she said.

Researchers also scoured phone records in the US and found some unlikely names there too. Spare a thought for Anna Prentice, Annette Curtain and Bill Board the next time you sign your name.

A string of Americans also have very job-specific names, including Dr Leslie Doctor, Dr Thoulton Surgeon and Les Plack – a dentist in San Francisco.

A spokesman for TheBabyWebsite.com said: “When the parents of some of those people mentioned named their children, many probably didn't even realise the implications at the time”.

“Parents really do need to think carefully though when choosing names for their children. Their name will be with them for life and what may be quirky and fun for a toddler might be regretted terribly when that person becomes older or even a grandparent perhaps.”