2015-07-21
491
Алюминий, чугун, железо, низколегированная сталь, нержавеющая сталь, коррозия металла, окислы металла, металлические конструкции, соединение металлических элементов.
Say whether these statements are true:
1. The span length for metal bridges is: a) 10-50 m b) 50-100 m c) 50-1500 m.
2. The principal advantage of metal spans is: a) reconstruction convenience
b) reinforced concrete savings c) bridging long spans.
3. The most reliable method of joining metal elements is/using: a) welding b) rivets c) bolts.
4. Standard truss length is: a) 42 m b) 77 m c) 100 m.
5. Oxide film is applied to: a) low alloy steel b) stainless steel c) aluminum.
Match the Russian and English terms:
| 1) внешняя нагрузка | a) Steel grade |
| 2) крупносерийное производство | b) Wrought iron |
| 3) низколегированная сталь | c) Truss web |
| 4) марка стали | d) Rib |
| 5) ребро жесткости | e) Low alloy steel |
| 6) решетка фермы | f) External load |
| 7) сварочное железо | g) Large-scale production |
Complete and translate the following sentences:
1. (Крепление) by bolts or rivets is widely used in bridge building. (Установка заклепок) is rather labour consuming and a dangerous operation, because of rivets heating up to a (красный металл) temperature. The fitters hold the rivets and simultaneously flatten them using a special (молоток). This manually operated job is rather harmful to human health.
2. Welding is a technique used for joining metallic (детали) by heat. (Сварка элементов) of steel spans can be made by special (автоматическая сварка) or by the (ручная сварка) in situ. During the welding process, steel is heated and can result in the degradation of the structure.
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3. (Стальные фермы) made by standard design are widely used for spans from 33 up to 132 m long. Panel length in Russia is 5.5 m or 11 m; therefore truss spacing is 11-33-44-55-66 m, etc. It is very suitable for bridge (проектирование, ремонт и реконструкция).
4. A truss is a structural component made of straight metal pieces to form a series of (треугольник) lying in a single plane. A triangle cannot be distorted by stress. A truss gives a stable form capable of supporting considerable (внешняя нагрузка) over a large span. The connected pieces forming the top and the bottom of the truss are called the top and bottom (пояс фермы) respectively. The sloping and vertical pieces connecting the top and bottom chords are called the web of the truss.
Unit 9
BRIDGES OF GREAT BRITAIN
Enhance your knowledge of foreign experiences in bridge building.
Part I
